Terrorism

By Uzair Adam

Nigerian military troops have intensified their nationwide operations, eliminating 135 terrorists, apprehending 185 suspects, and rescuing 129 kidnapped victims within the past week.

The Director of Defence Media Operations, Maj.-Gen. Edward Buba, provided the update during a briefing at the Defence Headquarters in Abuja on Saturday.

He disclosed that in the North Central region, some terrorists have begun surrendering due to sustained military offensives and collaborative non-kinetic engagements with community stakeholders.

Among those who surrendered are notable figures such as Yellow Jambros, Alhaji Mallam, Ardo Idi (Alhaji Lawal), Lawal Kwalba, Salkado, Yellow Ibrahim, Gana’e, and Babangida.

Buba emphasized that the military would maintain its operational momentum to dismantle terrorist networks and encourage further surrenders.

During the operations, troops recovered 113 weapons and 2,415 rounds of ammunition, including 72 AK-47 rifles, 11 fabricated guns, 15 Dane guns, eight pump-action shotguns, and four hand grenades. They also seized 46 motorcycles, 15 vehicles, 28 mobile phones, and various communication devices.

In the Niger Delta, troops destroyed 93 crude oil cooking ovens, 12 dugout pits, 37 boats, and 82 illegal refining sites.

They also recovered 909,800 litres of stolen crude oil, 71,060 litres of illegally refined diesel, and 13,580 litres of petrol.

Maj.-Gen. Buba reiterated the military’s commitment to addressing Nigeria’s security challenges, stating, “We remain in a winning position in this war and will continue to innovate in our approach.”

By Uzair Adam 

The Borno State Police Command has successfully recovered eight unexploded devices from the Dala and Gwange areas of Maiduguri, the state capital. 

This discovery was made on Friday following distress calls about unidentified objects suspected to be explosive ordnance.

According to ASP Grace Michael, the command’s Deputy Public Relations Officer, the police received a distress call about unidentified objects clustered near an uncompleted building in the Dala-Abuja Talakawa Area, Maiduguri. 

The police swiftly moved to the scene and recovered six projectiles and one unexploded mortar bomb.

Later that day, the police received another distress call from the Gwange Area about an unidentified object washed ashore on the Gwange river bank. 

The police quickly recovered one unexploded Hand Grenade (UXO).

Preliminary investigations revealed that the ordnance was washed ashore due to the recent devastating flood incident in the state. 

The Borno State Commissioner of Police, CP Yusufu Lawal, reassured residents of the command’s commitment to ensuring public safety and security.

By Zayyad I. Muhammad

In recent times, Nigeria has faced a concerning increase in audacious attacks on its critical national assets and infrastructure. These assaults, carried out by bandits, insurgents, and vandals, threaten the stability and security of the nation. The targeted facilities are essential for the country’s economic growth and public safety. 

On January 14, 2022, the 132 kV Ahoada-Yenagoa transmission line towers belonging to the Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN) were vandalised.

On March 28, 2022, the Abuja-Kaduna train was attacked by insurgents. The incident occurred in the evening when the train from Abuja was en route to Kaduna. This attack tragically resulted in casualties and the abduction of several passengers. Train services on the Abuja-Kaduna route were halted for many weeks.

On September 25, 2022, vandals attacked the Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN) towers 303 and 304 along the Jos road, disrupting electricity to the entire Northeast for weeks.

On June 20, 2024, the rail fittings installed on the Second Niger Bridge were uprooted and vandalised.

On June 11, 2024, insurgents attacked TCN towers T193 and T194 along the Damaturu-Maiduguri 330 kV Single Circuit Transmission Line, leaving Maiduguri and its environs in darkness for weeks.

In July this year, a report published by Thisday Newspaper estimated that Nigeria lost approximately $3.57 billion in just the first five months of 2024 due to oil theft, which was largely attributed to pipeline vandalism and militant activities.

Experts suggest improvements have been made in security measures to protect oil and related assets, with around N50 billion allocated annually for local security contractors. Furthermore, the Joint Task Force (JTF), known as Operation Delta Safe, comprises all branches of the armed forces and Federal Road Safety Corps members to tackle this challenge. The Nigerian Navy has also initiated Operation Delta Sanity to bolster maritime surveillance.

It appears that bandits, vandals, and insurgents are becoming more daring and sophisticated than the strategies implemented to combat and prevent attacks on critical national assets. What needs to be done? 

The government should consider utilizing technology in addition to its boots-on-the-ground strategy. For example, Nigeria can deploy advanced SCADA systems to monitor critical national assets and infrastructure, such as power grids, water treatment plants, oil and gas pipelines, transportation networks, and communication systems. 

Secondly, while the National Security and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC) is doing good work protecting some oil pipelines, it should be retooled, adequately staffed, and better funded. More personnel should be deployed to protect critical power transmission lines and towers, as the core mandate of Civil Defence is safeguarding critical infrastructure—safeguarding government facilities and installations. The Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN) should enhance its manual and high-tech monitoring systems, including drones and real-time surveillance. 

Additionally, the TCN’s public relations strategy should be improved. Showcasing to the world that insurgents can disrupt the northern Nigerian electricity supply was a significant PR blunder, providing free publicity for the bandits, insurgents, and vandals. 

Any country that fails to adequately protect its national assets and infrastructure will compromise its national security, compromising economic stability, public safety, and resilience to disasters, which may result in social disorder. 

For instance, the frustration in the north, caused by nearly ten days of blackouts in the region, stems from an attack on critical national assets—the 330 kV Shiroro-Kaduna transmission lines 1 and 2. Nigeria’s international respect and reputation are at stake, as protecting critical national assets and infrastructure is integral to global security frameworks. 

 Zayyad I. Muhammad writes from Abuja via zaymohd@yahoo.com.

By Habibu Bawa 

Banditry is fast becoming a household name in Nigeria. The  Northwest and parts of north-central Nigeria have been the worst hit since 2012.

Fast forward, bandits have attacked numerous communities across Nigeria, destroying a lot of homes, farms, and markets, killing and kidnapping in schools and highways, which made life unbearable for rural and semi-urban communities. 

According to Ibrahim Dosara, former Commissioner of Information in Zamfara State, between 2011 and 2019, bandits killed at least 2,619 people, kidnapped 1,190, and maimed and displaced hundreds of thousands in Zamfara State alone.

Many describe these attacks as an escalation of farmer-herder conflicts, ethno-religious crises, or a result of population pressure and climate change, which made former President Muhammadu Buhari propose 10,000 hectares per state for rural grazing areas, although unsuccessful, and President Tinubu’s Ministry for Livestock Development.

While past and current governments have made efforts to address banditry, little has been done to support the victims or tackle the root causes of the issue. For successful disease control, the pathogens, vectors, and symptoms have to be addressed while measures are taken to boost the immune system.

For example, the government often mobilises troops, which is usually announced and broadcasted after media reports of bandit attacks. Meanwhile, victims are left to languish in IDP camps. This situation is akin to guarding stables after the horses have escaped.

After each attack, the once agrarian victims battle scanty food, inadequate water supply, and diseases, while some state governments grant amnesty to bandits, leaving victims with only empty promises to rebuild their lives.

Nigeria has helped several other African countries in peacebuilding and peacekeeping, which proves Nigeria’s ability to curtail whatever crisis may arise internally. Thus, banditry is not beyond its control, but success requires sincerity of purpose and decisive actions.

First, the government should use every available means to block arms and ransoms from bandits, as ransom fuels banditry while firearms drive it. A 2019 research by Beacon Consults found over 6 million firearms in circulation in Nigeria, with only one-tenth in the hands of federal security agents. Communities should be educated on the effects of ransom, and severe punishments should be imposed on those who pay ransom.

Secondly, victims should be allowed to exercise their natural right to self-defence, and any funds earmarked for negotiating with bandits should be redirected toward rebuilding the lives and communities of the victims.

Lastly, the government should identify and eliminate bandit sponsors, sympathisers, negotiators, informants, trainers, and advisers. This will hinder the bandits’ ability to recruit, escape, re-strategize, or ethnicise their atrocities.

To end banditry, bandits must be treated as terrorists. Banditry is the greatest threat to Nigeria’s sovereignty today. The military should be well-equipped and deployed to take decisive action. A repentant bandit is one who has joined his ancestors.

Habibu Bawa is a fellow of the PR Nigeria Young Communication Fellowship.

By Dr. Abdulkadir Lawan

A putatively held belief is that the banditry and crime in the Zamfara region of Nigeria cannot be unconnected to the politics of gold and other natural resources mining. But something deadlier than politics, a stealthy by-product of crude extraction methods at the core of gold mining, might have played a leading role in the increase in crime we are witnessing today in the region. 

In the early 2000s, possibly due to the recent change in rule from a military to a democratic one, a renewed gold interest in Zamfara resulted in a mini gold rush. Women and men in the villages would dig out rock ore and extract the gold through crushing and grinding; the resulting dust was contaminated with lead. Some even brought this newfound work to their homes, contaminating their food, water, clothes, and, most dangerously, children. What followed in child deaths from lead poisoning created an unintended raucous through polio vaccination outreach and ended up inviting several efforts to clean up the areas and treat the surviving children.

It is well known that lead is dangerous, even in small doses. It mimics calcium in the body and can be stored in bones, continuing to poison the body even years after initial exposure. The brain is the most sensitive organ to lead. It basically blocks the release of neurotransmitters, which causes headaches and memory loss, and children are especially susceptible. There is no doubt among scientists that lead exposure can cause permanent learning disorders and behavioural problems.

Studies on baby teeth showed that even lead exposure well below the “safe” level results in delayed learning, decreased IQ and increased behavioural problems. There was a direct correlation between lead in children and the inability to graduate from high school in the US. While the CDC has since lowered the acceptable levels of lead in children’s blood from 60ug/dL to 3.5ug/dL over the years, there is no safe lead level as far as it is known today.

Globally, about 65% of all unexplained intellectual disability are believed to be caused by lead. Many countries have monitored the levels of lead exposure in their children over time. In Nigeria, we have little to no data nationwide. A particular US data, however, shows troubling correlations. 

Violent crimes steadily rose from the 1970s to the 1990s before abruptly declining. The troubling part? A graph of average preschool blood lead levels looked strikingly similar to crime levels roughly twenty years apart. The question was whether kids exposed to higher levels of lead grew up to commit more crimes.

The same pattern appears in Britain, Canada, and Australia. In another study, the lead concentrations in the blood of those arrested for violent and anti-social behaviour could not have been more correlated with their behaviour. This shows that lead is at least very likely responsible for some of the increase in crime. 

Whatever the reason for the resurgence of artisanal gold mining in Zamfara in the early 2000s, children raised in that period were in their early teens and 20s when the country began to witness an upsurge in bandit activities at the start of 2010. Thankfully, considerable clean-up efforts and community sensitisation mean there is an unlikely recurrence of lead poisoning effects on this scale around the region. A decline in violent activities can only then be hoped for. 

Glissading along the same line, the biggest source of lead pollution worldwide was the tetraethyl lead compound that was added to gasoline to make leaded fuel. Nigeria completely phased out leaded gasoline in 2004, as did all other countries between 1986 (Japan) and 2021 (Algeria). Nigeria witnessed a record period of civil violence from the 1970s until about the early 2000s. The current crop of our, in my opinion, clearly cognitive-declined politicians was the most exposed to vehicular lead poisoning in the same generation as the perpetrators of multiple violent religious and ethnic crises.

The dangers of lead had already been known for hundreds of years. In 1786, Benjamin Franklin remarked that lead had been used for far too long considering its known toxicity – “This, my dear friend, is all I can at present recollect on the subject. You will see by it that the opinion of this mischievous effect from lead is at least above sixty years old. And you will observe with concern how long a useful truth may be known and exist before it is generally received and practised on.” 

Scientists decided to add lead to fuel one hundred and fifty years later (i.e., after Benjamin Franklin’s speech). Almost one hundred years after that, the juveniles among our (Nigerian) citizenry were exposed to lead, leaving a nation to wonder why there is so much crime in our time.

Dr. Abdulkadir Lawan wrote via abdullwn@gmail.com.

By Uzair Adam

The Federal Government has directed the Chief of Defence Staff and other military heads to relocate to Sokoto, which serves as the headquarters for the General Officer Commanding (GOC) overseeing Sokoto, Zamfara, Katsina, and Kebbi states.

The Daily Reality learned that the move is part of a concentrated effort to eliminate the threats of banditry, kidnapping, and terrorism in the North West region.

In a statement, the Minister of State for Defence, Dr. Bello Muhammed Matawalle, expressed his deep concern over the ongoing activities of terrorists and bandits in Sokoto, Zamfara, Katsina, and Kebbi states and their surrounding areas.

He announced that a significant military operation would soon be launched in Sokoto, targeting banditry across the region.

“The Honourable Minister of State for Defence, H.E. Dr. Bello Muhammed Matawalle MON, has expressed his sadness over the activities of terrorists and bandits terrorizing Sokoto, Zamfara, Katsina, and Kebbi states and its environs.

“Consequently, the Honourable Minister of State has directed the Chief of Defence Staff and other military chiefs to move to Sokoto, the Headquarters of the GOC Sokoto,” the statement read.

By Uzair Adam Imam

The Plateau State Government revealed on Monday that bandits operating in the Wase Local Government Area have handed over a significant number of AK47 rifles to the state authorities.

During a press briefing in Jos, the state capital, the Special Adviser to Governor Caleb Mutfwang on Security and Commander Operation Rainbow, Brigadier General Gakji Shippi, made this disclosure.

Shippi explained that the surrender of weapons followed extensive negotiations between the government and the bandits, showcasing a willingness to pursue peace through disarmament.

He clarified that the bandits didn’t directly surrender the firearms out of fear but through an intermediary involved in the negotiations.

He further mentioned that alongside the AK47 rifles, various other categories of weapons were also surrendered by the bandits, illustrating their commitment to the peace process.

Shippi emphasized that these efforts aim to encourage more bandits to voluntarily surrender their weapons, with ongoing steps to recover additional firearms from other groups.

By Sabiu Abdullahi

President Bola Tinubu has urged African leaders to establish a regional counter-terrorism centre to tackle the growing threat of terrorism on the continent.

Speaking at the African High-level Meeting on Counter-Terrorism in Abuja on Monday, Tinubu noted the need for a comprehensive approach to combating terrorism, addressing not only military might but also the root causes of poverty, inequality, and social injustice. 

“The international community has both the moral and legal obligation to help in this cause because it is external finance, not African money, that fuels these illegal operations. We shall be knocking on the door of the international community to answer this call for justice, peace, and fair play,” Tinubu said. 

The President stressed the importance of cutting off financial lifelines that fuel terrorist activities, such as ransom payments and illegal mining operations.

He noted that billions of dollars that should be used to provide education, healthcare, and food for citizens are instead spent on weapons and responding to mayhem. 

Tinubu called for the urgent establishment of a fully operational Regional Counter-Terrorism Centre, while also strengthening existing counter-terrorism structures.

He expressed the need for a regional standby force with a mandate to tackle terrorism, despite funding, legal, and logistical complexities. 

Stating Nigeria’s efforts, Tinubu stated that the country has taken bold steps forward in safeguarding the nation and the wider region.

He commended the courage and dedication of Nigeria’s security forces in the fight against terrorism and stated the need to halt the proliferation of Small Arms and Light Weapons on the continent. 

The Regional Counter-Terrorism Centre would serve as a hub for intelligence sharing, operational coordination, and capacity building throughout Africa, aiming to combat terrorism and address its root causes.

By Zayyad I. Muhammad

In just one week, bandits and Boko Haram terrorists have abducted scores of students, female IDPs, Almajiris and other innocent citizens across Northern Nigeria.

On February 28, 2024, bandits killed two residents of Anguwan Auta in Gonin Gora, Kaduna state and kidnapped 16 others. The kidnappers are demanding a ransom of N40 trillion, along with 11 Hilux vans and 150 motorcycles, for their release.

On March 7th, 2024, 287 students, boys and girls between the ages of 8 and 15, were abducted by bandits from primary and secondary schools in the town of Kuriga in Kaduna State. The bandits have demanded a N1 billion ransom to set their captives free. They also threatened to kill the victims if the ransom was not paid in 20 days. It was reported that, on Tuesday, March 12, 2024, the bandits made contact through the principal of the school, Abubakar Isah, who was abducted alongside the students. The bandits contacted Aminu Kuriga, a friend of the school’s principal, at around 2 p.m. on that Tuesday, asking for the amount.

On Friday, March 8, 2024, Amnesty International (AI) reported that Boko Haram terrorists abducted over 400 people, including women and children, in Borno State. Boko Haram kidnapped the IDPs from different IDP camps in the Gamboru Ngala area of the state, which is one of the least secure parts of troubled Borno State, according to some observers.

In the early hours of Saturday, March 9, 2024, 15 Quranic school students and an elderly woman were kidnapped when bandits raided Gidan Bakuso village in the Gada Local Government Area of Sokoto State.

Looking at outrageous demands and the targets, the bandits and the Boko Haram terrorists are all out to embarrass the government and cash out from it because most of their targets are soft and in rural areas.

However, the Minister of Information and National Orientation, Alhaji Muhammed Idris, was quoted as saying that President Tinubu has directed that security agencies must, as a matter of urgency, ensure that these children and all those who have been kidnapped are brought back in safety and also in the process, to ensure that not a dime is paid as ransom.

Can the government secure the release of the hostages as soon as possible without negotiation or payment of a ransom? Have the terrorists discovered a loophole in the current approach? It appears that the bandits and terrorists are exploiting the successes achieved in certain hotspots, possibly causing security agents to focus on other areas.

What needs to be done is a holistic approach to the deployment of both the kinetic and non-kinetic approaches.

The state, federal, and local communities should work together; collaboration is key to security management. On March 14, 2024, The National Security Adviser, Mallam Nuhu Ribadu, all the service chiefs have met with all 19 northern governors to deliberate on the issue of security. This is good.

Managing security in a vast country like Nigeria with inadequate modern technology for security management is difficult, and federal security operatives cannot be everywhere and anywhere at the same time. And, Here comes the importance of a well-designed and structured state police. They play a crucial role in maintaining law and order within their respective states by enforcing state laws, responding to emergencies, investigating crimes, and ensuring public safety. Thereby, they contribute significantly to the overall security and well-being of the citizens within their jurisdiction, while complementing the efforts of other federal security agencies.

The hope is that the government should consider revitalising and re-strategizing both kinetic and non-kinetic security approaches as being implemented by the Office of the National Security Adviser (ONSA). This will not only lead to more successes and breakthroughs; however, more intelligence gathering is needed. Community engagement and direct psychological communication with the bandits should be employed. In community engagement, communities should be made to feel like part of the solution in security management, thus providing intelligence and also acting as watchdogs for security operatives without being endangered. Secondly, the reported ongoing soft approach’ should be sustained, and in direct communication with the bandits, psychological, social media, and artificial intelligence (AI) methods should be greatly utilized. Most bandits and Boko Haram terrorists now also use social media. Therefore, a coordinated effort should be launched by the ONSA and other relevant bodies to recruit individuals who speak the languages of the bandits. These individuals can then send convincing messages to them regarding the disadvantages and dangers associated with their activities, while also highlighting the benefits of adopting a normal lifestyle. This includes attending both Western and religious schools while still maintaining their culture, beliefs, and legal trade inherited from their communities.

Furthermore, radio and TV remain effective tools to reach the bandits, especially with the widespread availability of satellite TV and advancements in solar power technology. This allows bandits hiding in thick forests to charge their phones, watch TV, and listen to the radio and watch satellite TV.

To enhance security for soft targets and rural schools, the government at all levels, along with security agencies and local communities, should collaborate on implementing both kinetic and non-kinetic approaches.

Zayyad I. Muhammad writes from Abuja. He can be reached via 08036070980, zaymohd@yahoo.com

By Muhammad Abdurrahman

Banks should freeze funds and suspend services to individuals and groups included on the list.

Russia’s Federal Financial Monitoring Service (Rosfinmonitoring) expanded its list of individuals and organizations involved in extremist activities or terrorism on Friday to include the LGBT movement. The updated list is available on the agency’s website.

According to the law, banks are required to freeze the funds of individuals included on this list and suspend services to them.

Last November, the Russian Supreme Court upheld the Ministry of Justice’s recognition of the international LGBT movement as extremist. The court also recognized its structural divisions as extremist and banned them.

According to Interfax sources, the law “does not affect citizens’ right to privacy and will not entail any negative legal consequences.” The restrictions are related to the need to comply with the ban on LGBT propaganda, advertising, generating interest, and involvement in the LGBT movement.

Source: RT