Opinion

Isma’il Hashim Abubakar

A few weeks ago, the Kano State Hisbah Board stole the limelight when a brief misunderstanding erupted between the Kano State Governor, Abba Kabir Yusuf, and the Hisbah leadership. The Muslim public, represented by religious leaders and the elite, played a significant role in calming tensions and restoring peace in the issue, which everyone welcomed with sincere happiness and unique hope that the short altercation would result in the promotion and reinforcement of Hisbah. 

In the two articles I penned within the clusters of that misunderstanding, I stressed that Hisbah is virtually the only government institution that transcends abstract symbolism and remains the lively organ that operationally contributes to the implementation of the Shari’a project, which was once the highest ambition of the Nigerian Muslims. I emphasised that all Muslims should regard Hisbah as their delicate property that should not be, in the least, jeopardised by internal or external commissions, omissions or inactions of any individual, no matter how highly placed, let alone common people who can just be dealt with and cracked down by responsible leadership.

One of the top functions of Hisbah is to serve as a machinery that supports the process of Shari’a implementation by deterring people from committing crimes, apprehending suspects, and presenting them before Shari’a courts for proper investigation and ruling. Of course, at different stages, Hisbah commendably serves as a forum for reconciliation and solving social disputes, which at times pleases and satisfies opposing parties in a better way than courts do. Nonetheless, this is never an excuse for the institution if it operates so that its effort to intervene in matters and find solutions for them becomes counterproductive to the letter, spirit and goals of Shari’a, which the board was primarily established to protect. 

Although preserving dignity is a principle that characterises Hisbah’s operations, as a government force backed by law, the board is not expected to provide cover or leeway for criminals to evade the wrath of the law. Shari’a will cease to have its proper meaning if criminals assume they are not to be treated as culpable and should, in principle, be deterred from, cautioned against, or punished for flouting Islamic law. 

In light of how some Hisbah officials handle cases both at the headquarters and various branches in the 44 local governments, some categories of criminals now utilise Hisbah to get their crimes tacitly covered as they further pursue their fiendish goals by conniving with or approaching some elements within the board. They no longer fear legal penalties that their crimes could lead them to, but could even summon the courage to approach the board to confess their crimes and demand certain rights that may have followed the consequences of their crimes. 

To be clearer, by citing examples, in a recent report I watched, which was broadcast by Tozali Magazine Online TV, a Chinese master in a company in Kano impregnated the daughter of his driver. When this crime was unmasked, the people involved tried several ways to abort the six-month pregnancy. After failing to get rid of the mess since medical experts refused to conspire with the Chinese fellow and his illegitimate in-laws, the case was taken to Hisbah, who is said to have searched for a solution for them. 

The report has it that the Hisbah leadership has resolved that the Chinese man, who earlier sought to silence his poor driver through pecuniary consolation, should just now marry the girl despite her heavy pregnancy so that the matter would be put to rest. If this report is true, with all its attendant jurisprudential intricacies, similar to what has allegedly occurred repeatedly in several branches of the morality police, then the institution needs to review its operations. 

As a Shari’a implementation body, when a suspect admits committing a crime as felonious as this, which involves adultery and attempts at feticide, is the expected response from Hisbah to look for a solution or to make a comprehensive investigation and forward the case to Shari’a court for judgment? Is Hisbah not shielding adulterers and providing escape routes for suspects who attempted to commit a feticidal crime? The punishment for an adulterer is clear; to be stoned to death and 100 lashes for the girl who seems to be unmarried since her Chinese lover, according to the report, did not rape her or use any form of coercion to have carnal knowledge of her. How could all this be replaced by forcing these criminal parties into marriage? 

A knowledgeable person heads the Hisbah, and the wisdom behind resorting to marrying culprits of this nature is a motive to preserve human dignity, conceal wrongs committed and prevent an illegal child from being born from perpetual bullying and stigmatisation. But yet, is this enough reason to sacrifice divine injunctions and render them obsolete? From what we read in the Glorious Qur’an and interpreted by the Messenger (SAW) through his speeches and deeds, suspects could only be shielded if the matter is not taken to authority or the relevant legal agency has not got hold of the felons. Concerning a set of crimes and their penalties, Allah says:

“illa alladhīna tābū min qabli an taqdirū ‘alaihim fa’lamū anna Allaha Gafūrun Rahīm” (except those who repent before they fall into your power, then know that Allah is Most-Forgiving, Most-Merciful) [ Sūrat al-Mā’idah: 34].

In several instances, the Prophet (SAW) warned that once a matter was presented before his court, then Allah’s law would take precedence over all other concerns. However, the Prophet (SAW) took pity on an illegal child born by a woman from the al-Ghāmidī clan. As a result, he asked her to go and take care of her child when the woman returned after she successfully weaned the child. She insisted that she must be punished according to the divine law; the Prophet (SAW) did not look for any other solution but applied the law to her, which, interestingly, promoted her posthumous virtue and spiritual rank. Worthy of notice also, nothing was heard about the man responsible for her illegal birth, nor did the Prophet himself ask her to mention him, just as the child was also integrated into the society without inscribing a permanent taboo on his status. 

Of course, many will argue that the penalties above are practically infeasible, but yet rewarding the felons with marriage is also discouraging and counterproductive to the goals of Shari’a. A midway solution is at least to apply a warning penalty (ta’zīr) on the criminals by serving their sentences to spend years in jail, which will be done by the court.

The scenario of Ɗan Chana and his street in-laws represents one of the many cases that evince Hisbah’s indecision to fully side with the spirit and letter of Shari’a as fully enshrined in the state law and is still the main legal framework that ought to guide Shari’a implementation process. It is now common to see a girl carrying a small child and asking for the address of Hisbah to report a case of her love affair, which resulted in the birth of a bastard whose alleged father refuses to adopt, take care of, or just abandons. The girl will summon enough courage and temerity to shamelessly divulge her secret affair just because she is confident she won’t be served with proper Shari’a law. Her aim for approaching Hisbah is not to repent and make amends but rather to wheedle her way into favour and capitalise on the institution’s power to extort money from her accomplice, who may have even denied being responsible for the unwanted birth. 

Even if Hisbah won’t pursue the case to the court, which it should, it should at least explain to girls like this that pregnancy and birth are enough evidence to prove a woman guilty of adultery or fornication, unlike in men’s cases, which primarily demands eyewitnesses or personal confessions. After all, illicit relationships do not have a sanctity similar to marriage, which has a Shari’a cover. As such, failure by a partner in illicit relationships to fulfil certain duties should not be equated with marital disputes between spouses. If a whore pretends that she is innocent and goes on to claim damages or demand a right, then what makes her different from a legitimate housewife or a divorcee? 

In the same manner, men accused of raping innocent girls are sometimes relieved from their burden through local arrangements with victims’ families such that in the long run, money will be the prime solver of the dispute, and suspects get away once they make commitments to take care of certain clamours about their victims.

The disconnect between some operations of Hisbah, which is portending a gloomy future for the institution, shall be one of the priorities of the governing council of the board, but also the head of government, who now does not have any doubt about the institution’s significance and dearness to the Muslim public. As we are in an era of normalisation of strange and weird mores and practices, Hisbah should be highly cautious and extra-careful not to be an agent through which barbaric, savage and amoral attitudes will be mainstreamed. 

Lovers who lack fear of God or a woman who falls so low to trade with her dignity in exchange for cash will continue to be emboldened to make a claim when any of them feels cheated in an illegal deal. No matter how rich or influential a man is, he shouldn’t be given a cover to get away with his crime just for pledging to take care of his rape victims. The application of appropriate legal sanctions is the only solution and guarantee for the safety of all parties, including the Hisbah and its leadership.

Isma’il writes from Rabat and is reachable via ismailiiit18@gmail.com.

By Khalilah Bint Aliyu

Never have I found it this difficult to write down my thoughts on a particular subject. The institution of marriage is highly coveted by women, especially African women. Societal pressure, feelings of vulnerability, the biological clock, and to some extent, a bit of a misunderstanding about whether it is compulsory or not.

Marriage, even though highly encouraged, is not compulsory for either gender, as long as a person can stay clear of immorality and remain firm in their tenets of faith. Allowing culture to override what the scripture states puts overwhelming pressure on many unmarried women, especially Muslim women.

I have watched bright minds become shadows of themselves for no apparent reason, yet they have to wake up daily to taunts and endless questions about when they intend to marry. A woman’s success gets downplayed. Some brave women might be willing to shrug off these tons of negative energy directed at them and pursue excellence, but they will meet an unwavering blockade from an angry parent or guardian.

Addressing this issue has to come in two aspects. We are going to address the parents or guardians and then the crux of the matter, the lady herself.

African parents, especially our mothers, derive pleasure from getting all their female children married. Should there be any delay, they get worried and intentionally or unintentionally transfer the negative energy in the form of pressure onto the unmarried ladies. It is destiny: some will marry early, others late, and some not at all. It is a gift and uncertain in nature. Aspiring for our womenfolk to marry in their early or mid-twenties is not a crime in itself, but making it a must and putting untold pressure on them can lead to poor spousal choices, deteriorating mental health, severe insecurity, and in some cases, amoral behaviors.

I want to use this analogy. A gardener sowed some orange seeds to sell the sprouts. He tended to them, and they grew healthy and strong, but no buyer showed interest. He kept watering and caring for the plants, much to the amazement of passersby. He was advised to let them be, but he paid no heed, and the seedlings grew into healthy orange trees that provided both shade and juicy fruits, subsequently attracting the attention of the right people who offered to buy the entire garden.

Women, unlike the plants here, are not for sale but are nurtured to prepare them to do the same and even more for the next generation. The more learned and well-mannered your wards are, the better equipped they will be as wives, mothers, and custodians of generations to come. Marriage will come at its destined time, and the terms “early” and “late” are manmade, designed to cause anxiety.

Keep your female children on the path of growth without any hindrance, support them, and alleviate the stress that society may throw at them, as this will make them flourish and live a life of purpose, leaving behind long-lasting positive footprints or a legacy, as it is popularly called.

For the ladies, you are strong, resilient, empathetic, and gifted with multitasking abilities. Jannah is not only for the married but also for the servants of Allah who stand firmly on the path of righteousness.

Define your life goals and, as long as they do not go against the ethics of your religion, pursue them purposefully. Don’t settle for less. I know how discouraging it can be to be told you are not enough just because you are not married. The delay that you are distressed about is a gold mine of opportunity. The fewer the number of stakeholders, the easier it is to make a decision.

As an unmarried woman, all you need to make a choice is a nod from your parents and guardians. This is not true for married women; you have husbands, in-laws, and children to think about before making decisions.

I had an opportunity to attend a two-week intensive training, an opportunity I had coveted for a while. Luckily, I got the slot. I received a nod from my husband, but I searched and could not find a trusted nanny to care for my infant for the duration of the training. I had no other option but to let go of the opportunity and wait for another one, praying that every force of nature would be favorable to me.

The above narrative is very common among women juggling both career and family. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, in one of her interviews, spoke about how having a little princess slowed the pace of her writing career. She said, “Becoming a mother is a glorious gift, but it comes at a cost. I could probably have written two novels had I not had my child.”

I implore you all to eat well, exercise, read widely, be kind, attend seminars, symposia, volunteer your services, and watch for a deluge of opportunities, including marriage proposals. Who doesn’t want a beautiful flower?

Khalilah Aliyu Yahaya writes from Kaduna and can be reached via Khalilah20@gmail.com.

By Alkasim Harisu

As a people, we need to consider afforestation to avoid global warming. Deforestation is a menace that a good Samaritan—Isma’il Auwal, a Facebook friend—is discouraging by embarking on a project of planting four thousand trees within Kano. Other good Samaritans, either inspired by him or not, are fast getting on the bandwagon by advocating for afforestation, which, if appropriately executed, will help reduce the scorching heat Kano is immensely experiencing. 

Deforestation and its effects need no introduction. This activity has spanned many decades. For different reasons, man fell trees to cook, make furniture, manufacture vehicles, or clean his environment. Deforestation engenders climate change and combines carbon dioxide with oxygen, eventually returning to its emitters (human beings), affecting them negatively. Deforestation is the removal of forests. It happens for several reasons, causing devastating consequences. It can be deliberate, natural or accidental. This unwelcoming act changes the climate, desertifies the land, erodes the soil, reduces crops, brings floods, and increases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Battling the devastating effects of climate change requires a great effort from the government and non-governmental organisations, as well as the public. Climate change has caused a growing concern around the globe. As an end-product of vehicle exhaust and factory emissions, climate change is a global challenge enjoying little attention, especially in the Global South. To tell the truth, while a minority of the Global North pays much attention to reducing the effects of climate change, a majority, mainly comprising the Global South countries, do nothing to curb the problem. Some people, especially in developing nations, consider forests underdeveloped, not knowing that their lack poses a great challenge to life.

How people frequently fell trees defies explanation. With the rapid rural-urban migration, people become more interested in deforesting the world to build houses, companies, etc. Urbanisation is another reason for deforestation. With the current raging global warming debilitating the world, the earth will not only be in a jam but will also represent hell on earth. Worst comes to worst, the earth can become inhabitable. The current exceedingly hot weather in Kano and elsewhere is fast becoming a pain in the neck. 

Causes of Deforestation

The causes of deforestation are numerous, with agriculture ranking first. Since time immemorial, people have cultivated acres of land numbering in the thousands. As a result, forests are cleared and/or burnt for farming. The Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century, which continues to the present, is another significant cause for concern. The processing of raw materials necessitates the rampant cutting down of trees. In Africa, although large amounts of forests are cut down for burning at homes for food and sale, rendering communities prone to the obnoxious effects of climate change, little or no efforts are made to reforestation. 

Deforested for commercial or home use: Places are left to reforest themselves or waste away forever. Deforestation engenders the loss of habitat, which causes more and more animals and plants to die. A forest is home to countless animals and plants. Therefore, plants and animals lose their homes if a bush is deforested. Not only does deforestation affect the animals and plants we know, but also those we don’t know. 

Deforestation causes the greenhouse gases to be released into the atmosphere. The fact that trees absorb carbon dioxide and emit oxygen into the atmosphere is not less known. Trees control the water level in the atmosphere by regulating the water cycle. By working together, millions of trees refine the moisture obtainable in the air. While there is enough water in forested areas, there is less in deforested ones. This dries up the soil, making it grow less crops. 

Further, soil erosion and flooding count among the effects of deforestation. Trees provide nutrients and retain water. Without forests, like it or lump it, the soil erodes, losing nutrients and becoming barren and open to flooding. With the help of their roots, trees absorb and store a large amount of water when it rains. When they are felled, the flow of water stops, depriving the soil of its ability to retain water. While this brings floods in some areas, it causes droughts in others. 

Last, deforestation causes a lack of food, medicine and building materials. Many people, both within Nigeria and outside, consider forests the only source of food and medicine. However, with deforestation, they don’t only lose food and medicine but also their lives.

Toward Solving Deforestation

Deforestation occurs due to several reasons. While this cannot be more correct, there are solutions to the problem notwithstanding. Considering the threat climate change poses to the ozone layer and the heightening greenhouse effect, promoting afforestation is necessary. The fact that developed countries worldwide advocate tree planting needs no emphasis. Thus, tree planting should be encouraged, and campaigns against unnecessary felling of trees should be launched. 

We need to do the following:

1. Enlightening People about the Effects of Clear-cutting of Forests: Unless enlightened, people will continue to deforest communities for reasons better known to them. To discourage deforestation, we need to initiate campaigns and give lectures to awaken people to the devastating effects of deforestation before things go out of hand.

2. Reforestation of Clear-cut Lands: When deforested, we should consider planting young trees to replace the ones cut down. Around the world, every year, under several initiatives, trees are planted. Celebrating World Environmental Day 2022, in collaboration with UNESCO and Concordia College, Yola, a foundation whose name I have forgotten, gave, in June 2022, in the Concordia College hall a mesmerising public lecture on climate change and deforestation. 

3. Educating the Public: Although some people are informed about the global warming problem, many are not. We should be determined to educate the public about the causes and effects of deforestation. It is noteworthy that people have to either avoid unnecessary tree cutting down or risk damaging the ozone layer.

In conclusion, even though the campaign against deforestation is widespread, many people, especially in urban areas, fail to feel the urge to afforest their respective communities. This spells doom. Of course, a disaster is looming large. We will be doomed unless we come together to prevent it.

Alkasim Harisu wrote from Kano via alkasabba10@gmail.com.

By Ahmed Abdulƙadir

Recently, I came across an announcement by Deutsche Welle (DW) Hausa Radio that it will cease transmitting its Hausa Programs on the Shortwave (SW) frequency channel. Instead, it will continue broadcasting through its partners on FM Radio throughout West Africa and through its various platforms on social media.

This decision brought to mind the gradual but noticeable paradigm shift by traditional media toward the use of social media in its operations.

Social media has significantly impacted the practice of traditional media in several ways. One major change is the shift in content distribution. Traditional media outlets, such as DW, are adapting to this shift by utilizing social media platforms to reach a broader audience. For instance, DW’s decision demonstrates the recognition of the growing influence of social media in reaching its target audience.

Social media also allows for more interactive and immediate engagement with the audience. Traditional media used to have limited interaction with its audience, with communication limited to letters or phone calls. However, social media platforms provide a platform for direct engagement, enabling real-time feedback, comments, and discussions. This creates a more dynamic and engaging relationship between media outlets and their audience.

Additionally, social media has given rise to citizen journalism, in which individuals can share news and information in real time. This has challenged the monopoly of traditional media in reporting news events. With the widespread use of smartphones and social media platforms, anyone can become a content creator and share their perspectives, breaking news, and images. This has forced traditional media outlets to compete with citizen journalists and adapt their reporting practices.

Furthermore, social media has transformed the way news is consumed. With the rise of social media algorithms, individuals have more control over the content they consume. They can choose to follow specific news sources, topics, or individuals, creating personalized newsfeeds. This has led to a fragmentation of news consumption, where individuals are exposed to diverse perspectives and sources of information, rather than relying solely on traditional media outlets.

Aside from DW, there are several examples of traditional media outlets that have made similar shifts toward utilizing social media platforms. One prominent example is the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). The BBC has recognized the importance of social media in reaching and engaging with its audience. It has established a strong presence on platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube, where it shares news updates, videos, and engages with its viewers through comments and discussions. The BBC has also developed specific social media strategies to cater to different demographics and regions, ensuring a wider reach and engagement.

Another example is The New York Times (NYT), one of the leading newspapers in the United States. The NYT has embraced social media as a key component of its digital strategy. It actively shares its news articles, videos, and multimedia content on platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and LinkedIn. The NYT has also invested in creating engaging content specifically for social media, such as short videos, infographics, and interactive stories, to cater to the preferences of its social media audience.

Furthermore, Al Jazeera, a global news network based in Qatar, has also recognized the impact of social media on journalism. It has established a strong presence on social media platforms and actively engages with its audience through live streams, interactive discussions, and user-generated content. Al Jazeera also utilizes social media platforms for real-time reporting, breaking news updates, and citizen journalism contributions.

These examples highlight how traditional media outlets such as the BBC, The New York Times, and Al Jazeera have embraced social media as an integral component of their media strategies. They have adapted their content distribution, engagement, and reporting practices to harness the power of social media and reach a broader audience.

But not only is the traditional media making a paradigm shift and embracing the social media in its modus operandi but the profound change is gradually catching up at the individual and personal levels. Starting with my self observation, I’ve come to realize that I’m more inclined towards getting my news content through the social media rather than the usual traditional media.

A further observation reveals that even media owners, especially heads of government in Nigeria, are rapidly losing interest in the coverage of their activities from traditional media in favor of social media. This has resulted in the neglect of their traditional media organizations in favor of a more robust interest in social media.

In summary, social media has changed the practice of traditional media by altering content distribution, enabling direct audience engagement, empowering citizen journalism, and transforming news consumption patterns. Traditional media outlets like DW are adapting to these changes by utilizing social media platforms to reach a wider audience and engage with their viewers and listeners in a more interactive manner.

The rise of social media and its impact on traditional media cannot be denied. It has brought about significant changes in content distribution, audience engagement, and news consumption patterns. Traditional media outlets like DW, BBC, The New York Times, and Al Jazeera have recognized the importance of social media and have adapted their strategies to include these platforms.

However, it is important to note that social media is not completely replacing traditional media. Instead, it is transforming the landscape and forcing traditional media to evolve and adopt new methods of reaching and engaging with their audience. Traditional media still holds a certain level of credibility and trustworthiness that social media platforms may lack. It continues to play a vital role in providing in-depth analysis, investigative journalism, and reliable news sources.

Moreover, while social media allows for immediate and interactive engagement, it also comes with challenges such as the spread of misinformation and the lack of editorial oversight. Traditional media outlets have the responsibility of fact-checking and providing accurate information to counteract these challenges.

In conclusion, social media is undoubtedly reshaping the practice of traditional media, but it is not replacing it entirely. The two can coexist and complement each other in providing diverse perspectives, real-time updates, and engaging content to the audience. It is up to traditional media outlets to adapt and leverage the power of social media to stay relevant in the ever-changing media landscape.

Ahmed Abdulkadir wrote from Katsina via ahmadakadir@yahoo.com.

By Ibrahim El-Caleel

I have noticed one thing with artisans. A good number of them hate it when you ask them about their charges before commencing work on your item, be it electrical faults, plumbing issues or any other tasks. The prefer completing the job before telling you the price.

The underlying psychology here is for them to gain leverage in negotiation. By completing the task first, they position themselves in a stronger bargaining position. They will always argue that they have already done the job and they have really suffered to do so. This leaves you at their mercy, with some even framing their service to you as a massive favour.

However it goes, they will win. If you don’t pay as much as they want to charge you, then they will leave you with a guilt feeling about shortchanging them. An empathetic person will be prompted to add more money “just to clear his or her conscience”.

This is their psychology.

However, it is all your fault. No work should begin without a clear, mutually-agreed labour cost. It is akin to an employee signing an offer letter without a specified salary. Imagine starting a job as a Medical Doctor and your offer letter simply says, “we will pay you a monthly salary by 30th of every month.” No specified figure. What if at the end of the month the hospital pays you a salary of ₦17,500 while you were expecting ₦250,000? It’s absurd.

This is why both parties should agree on very clear terms before any work begins. If you meet your mechanic in his workshop, ask him how much he will fix your car’s Stabilizer & Ball Joints. Don’t agree with his vague assurances that, “No na Oga.. we are together”. Insist on knowing his charges upfront before the work begins.

Interestingly, this reminds me of an incident with Dr Sakynah some years back. After completing her shopping at the market, she hired a wheelbarrow boy to transport her goods and he brought them. When she asked him about his charging fee? He declined mentioning a figure, but told her “ko nawa ne ki bada; Allah Ya sa musu albarka”. Meaning, “just pay any amount of money; may God bless it”. She obliged and paid him ₦20, and that’s when he began murmuring.

“What happened again?”, she asked him.

“Haba. Ai ke ma kin san ya fi haka!” (Haba. You also know that this work deserves more than what you just paid), he replied.

She asked, ‘were you not the who said I could pay anything and may God bless it?’ So she asked him again, “how much is your money?”

Without any hesitation, he replied, “₦50!” And she now gave him his money. She could have paid him N200, and the guy would be happy that the strategy is working.

This is also another strategy artisans use to charge you more than what is their actual pay. They will tell you to simply pay any amount, no problem. I don’t know why any merchant would do this. Is it possible for me to go to a kiosk and pick a large loaf of bread, and then the kiosk owner will tell me to pay any amount? It’s impossible. So why do artisans issue labour with a blank price tag?

But then it is a strategy for price discrimination. You sell the same goods or service at different prices to different consumers. A seller is happy to do this, but a buyer feels uncomfortable. Some buyers even feel like they were swindled. This is the same strategy the e-CEOs of “DM for pricing” are using. They lure you to inbox, and sell a ₦2,000 kitchen utensil to you at ₦5,000; then lure your friend to inbox and sell the same product at ₦2,400.

As a buyer, you must be smart. Most sellers are already very smart. If you are not smart as a customer, they will maximize their profit out of your meager earnings. This is why they get richer annually while you either stay flat or decline. Sapa wan finish you.

Commercial Lawyers would say, “Caveat Emptor“, or “Let the Buyer Beware.”

By Zayyad I. Muhammad

In just one week, bandits and Boko Haram terrorists have abducted scores of students, female IDPs, Almajiris and other innocent citizens across Northern Nigeria.

On February 28, 2024, bandits killed two residents of Anguwan Auta in Gonin Gora, Kaduna state and kidnapped 16 others. The kidnappers are demanding a ransom of N40 trillion, along with 11 Hilux vans and 150 motorcycles, for their release.

On March 7th, 2024, 287 students, boys and girls between the ages of 8 and 15, were abducted by bandits from primary and secondary schools in the town of Kuriga in Kaduna State. The bandits have demanded a N1 billion ransom to set their captives free. They also threatened to kill the victims if the ransom was not paid in 20 days. It was reported that, on Tuesday, March 12, 2024, the bandits made contact through the principal of the school, Abubakar Isah, who was abducted alongside the students. The bandits contacted Aminu Kuriga, a friend of the school’s principal, at around 2 p.m. on that Tuesday, asking for the amount.

On Friday, March 8, 2024, Amnesty International (AI) reported that Boko Haram terrorists abducted over 400 people, including women and children, in Borno State. Boko Haram kidnapped the IDPs from different IDP camps in the Gamboru Ngala area of the state, which is one of the least secure parts of troubled Borno State, according to some observers.

In the early hours of Saturday, March 9, 2024, 15 Quranic school students and an elderly woman were kidnapped when bandits raided Gidan Bakuso village in the Gada Local Government Area of Sokoto State.

Looking at outrageous demands and the targets, the bandits and the Boko Haram terrorists are all out to embarrass the government and cash out from it because most of their targets are soft and in rural areas.

However, the Minister of Information and National Orientation, Alhaji Muhammed Idris, was quoted as saying that President Tinubu has directed that security agencies must, as a matter of urgency, ensure that these children and all those who have been kidnapped are brought back in safety and also in the process, to ensure that not a dime is paid as ransom.

Can the government secure the release of the hostages as soon as possible without negotiation or payment of a ransom? Have the terrorists discovered a loophole in the current approach? It appears that the bandits and terrorists are exploiting the successes achieved in certain hotspots, possibly causing security agents to focus on other areas.

What needs to be done is a holistic approach to the deployment of both the kinetic and non-kinetic approaches.

The state, federal, and local communities should work together; collaboration is key to security management. On March 14, 2024, The National Security Adviser, Mallam Nuhu Ribadu, all the service chiefs have met with all 19 northern governors to deliberate on the issue of security. This is good.

Managing security in a vast country like Nigeria with inadequate modern technology for security management is difficult, and federal security operatives cannot be everywhere and anywhere at the same time. And, Here comes the importance of a well-designed and structured state police. They play a crucial role in maintaining law and order within their respective states by enforcing state laws, responding to emergencies, investigating crimes, and ensuring public safety. Thereby, they contribute significantly to the overall security and well-being of the citizens within their jurisdiction, while complementing the efforts of other federal security agencies.

The hope is that the government should consider revitalising and re-strategizing both kinetic and non-kinetic security approaches as being implemented by the Office of the National Security Adviser (ONSA). This will not only lead to more successes and breakthroughs; however, more intelligence gathering is needed. Community engagement and direct psychological communication with the bandits should be employed. In community engagement, communities should be made to feel like part of the solution in security management, thus providing intelligence and also acting as watchdogs for security operatives without being endangered. Secondly, the reported ongoing soft approach’ should be sustained, and in direct communication with the bandits, psychological, social media, and artificial intelligence (AI) methods should be greatly utilized. Most bandits and Boko Haram terrorists now also use social media. Therefore, a coordinated effort should be launched by the ONSA and other relevant bodies to recruit individuals who speak the languages of the bandits. These individuals can then send convincing messages to them regarding the disadvantages and dangers associated with their activities, while also highlighting the benefits of adopting a normal lifestyle. This includes attending both Western and religious schools while still maintaining their culture, beliefs, and legal trade inherited from their communities.

Furthermore, radio and TV remain effective tools to reach the bandits, especially with the widespread availability of satellite TV and advancements in solar power technology. This allows bandits hiding in thick forests to charge their phones, watch TV, and listen to the radio and watch satellite TV.

To enhance security for soft targets and rural schools, the government at all levels, along with security agencies and local communities, should collaborate on implementing both kinetic and non-kinetic approaches.

Zayyad I. Muhammad writes from Abuja. He can be reached via 08036070980, zaymohd@yahoo.com

By Tijani Abiola

Burkina Faso is a landlocked country located in West Africa. It shares boundaries with six countries: Mali to the north, Niger to the east, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana to the south, and Côte d’Ivoire to the southwest. As of the last knowledge update in January 2022, the total population of Burkina Faso was 21 million people. The country’s official language is French, which is spoken alongside different indigenous languages.

Economically, Burkina Faso is mainly an agricultural country, though there is also a very strong presence of gold mining. However, this country is troubled by poverty, drought, and political instability.

Mali, on the other hand, also in West Africa, shares borders with Algeria to the north, Niger to the east, Burkina Faso and Ivory Coast to the south, Guinea to the southwest and Senegal and Mauritania to the west, with a population of about 20 million people. The official language is French, and Bambara is also widely spoken.

Political instability, ethnic tension, and conflicts with extremist groups positioned mostly in the northern parts of the country have also challenged Mali in the years past. It lies in the region bordered by Libya to the northeast, Chad to the east, Nigeria and Benin to the south, Burkina Faso and Mali to the west, and Algeria to the northwest. It has a population of about 24 million people. 

The official language is French, and many indigenous languages are spoken. Niger is largely an agrarian society, with subsistence farming forming a very critical part of the economy. Uranium mining is also a very important industry. The country faces challenges such as poverty, desertification, and food insecurity.

All three have diverse cultures and histories, and all have unique challenges. The Sahel region, including the northern parts of Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger, has seen a particular outbreak of security issues, including conflicts with jihadist groups and ethnic tensions.

Meanwhile, in the years 2020, 2021 and 2023 in Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger, respectively, there were successful military coups which still reign to date.  The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) turned an eye to their decision and style of new leadership of the bloc’s member-states. Efforts towards national reconciliation have been in vain. 

The Economic Community of West African States is a regional political and economic union comprising fifteen countries located in West Africa, of which the above-mentioned Countries are members.

Burkina Faso, Mali, and the Niger Republic have all in recent times expressed intention to part ways with ECOWAS bloc bodies. That decision has been a climax and a very big bottleneck for ECOWAS, as the trio of these countries are some of the most resourceful countries which shoulder a huge part of the yearly ECOWAS budget and yet one of the poorest countries on the African continent. After their decision to leave the West African regional bloc of ECOWAS, what effect will this have on ECOWAS?

This country represents almost 20% of the ECOWAS population – that is 66 million out of 420 million people. As mentioned above, cotton, gold, and uranium ore are precious resources for Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger, respectively.

Is ECOWAS blind to these facts?

I will say no, but will they have intensified negotiations before now? Yes. Their belief may be that they will soon get tired and comply or call for help after being deprived of some amenities benefited from nearby ECOWAS countries. Yet, they still remain adamant about their decision. For such countries to make such decisions looks like a threat to other ECOWAS countries.

ECOWAS should know this is no joke. The pumping question is: what if they excel in their decisions and their leaders are able to change their countries and become the best in years to come? What will happen to other ECOWAS countries whose corruption still influences their development?

Is dumping ECOWAS best for Burkina Faso, Mali, and the Niger Republic?

This decision will not only restrict their access to large international markets for foreign exchange and development provided by ECOWAS but also international partnerships that help in country development. Also, the free visa for all ECOWAS states is another big opportunity they might be deprived of from ECOWAS countries.

Though their decision has not been formally in writing to ECOWAS, they may be nursing second thoughts in the decision or calling for attention to negotiation stylishly. The poking questions are;

Is this the best idea for these three countries?

Will they stand without ECOWAS?

Won’t they be a threat to other ECOWAS countries if their decision is granted?

Does ECOWAS need to let them be?

Africa is a blessed continent with all its natural resources, but a continent with the highest rate of poverty and a corrupt leadership style needs to be resolved.

Tijani Abiola wrote via abiolatijani001@gmail.com.

By Harajana Umar Ragada

It all began with a small lump on her left breast. Over time, it grew larger with each passing day. Concerned, her husband took her to the hospital, where they were informed that a minor surgery was necessary. The doctor assured them of its safety and that she would go home immediately after the procedure.

However, an elderly woman approached her with a warning. She advised against allowing anyone to touch her breast at such a young age, claiming it was too risky. Unfortunately, she heeded the woman’s advice, ignoring her husband’s attempts to convince her otherwise. Instead, she returned home and relied on local herbs, hoping for a cure.

To her dismay, the condition worsened and developed into cancer. She underwent numerous treatments, including chemotherapy. I watched as she silently suffered, fervently praying for her quick recovery. However, she eventually succumbed to the illness after a lengthy stay at the hospital. She left behind three children, with the youngest just weaned off due to the mother’s illness.

Her death deeply affected me and shed light on the lack of awareness among many women about breast cancer, its preventive measures, predisposing factors, and signs to look out for.

According to findings from the World Health Organisation (WHO), in Nigeria alone, over 10,000 women die annually from cancer-related issues, with approximately 250,000 new cases recorded every year. These numbers are alarming, prompting me to contemplate how I could help.

That’s when I discovered Raise Foundation, an organisation dedicated to providing free cancer screening, raising awareness about breast cancer, and supporting patients through their journey, founded by the wife of the former Niger State Governor, Haj. Amina Abubakar Bello.

In an interaction with the CEO of Raise Foundation, Mrs Toyin Dauda, she disclosed that their mission is to create awareness and opportunities for women and girls, allowing them to realise their full potential in a safe environment for pregnancy and childbirth. They aim to empower women to make informed decisions and seize available opportunities.

“We established the Raise Foundation in 2015, and we are proud to have the first breast and cervical cancer screening centre in Niger State. Additionally, we conduct outreach programs in hard-to-reach areas, where we screen women and educate them about breast cancer. We promote early detection and offer assistance to those diagnosed with cervical or breast cancer,” She affirmed.

Mrs.Toyin further explained that the screening is completely free of charge. Their healthcare professionals use gloves for examination, and if they identify any abnormalities or lumps, the woman will need to undergo a scan, which costs ₦4000. For women over 35, a mammography is recommended, priced at ₦10,000.

However, during October, Breast Cancer Awareness Month, they provide all these services for free. Operating from Monday to Friday, 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., Mrs Toyin urged women not to wait for the designated month but to seek screenings earlier. The foundation also guides self-breast exams.

Moreover, the Raise Foundation offers financial support for breast cancer patients. Rather than giving patients money directly, they cover the costs and provide receipts. They have partnerships that help fund their initiatives, allowing them to support women across Nigeria. Mrs Toyin appealed to governments, organisations, and individuals to contribute funds as the number of patients rose.

Furthermore, the program coordinator for Raise Foundation, Dr Fatima Tafida, emphasised the importance of understanding the risk factors associated with breast cancer and taking action to address them. She highlighted the risk factors, the consequences, the signs and symptoms, preventive measures, and how to perform self-breast exams.

According to Dr Fatima, the risk factors include being female, as breast tissue is present, an increasing trend of breast cancer among younger women (even as young as 25 years), early onset of menstruation, late menopause, not having been pregnant or breastfed, family history of breast cancer, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and poor diet or obesity.

She added that cancer is a significant threat as it impacts individuals socially, physically, emotionally, and financially. 

“Signs and symptoms of cancer can vary depending on the type. The most common sign is the presence of a small lump in the breast, which may or may not be painful. Other indicators include the growth of the lump, cracks on the nipples, or the presence of bloody or Clear discharge. Unfortunately, many individuals are unaware that they have cancer until it has progressed.

“To prevent cancer, there are several measures that can be taken. Firstly, creating awareness about the disease and its risk factors is crucial. Secondly, modifying one’s lifestyle by quitting smoking and reducing alcohol consumption is essential. Additionally, individuals who are obese should aim to lose weight and incorporate regular exercise into their routine. Maintaining a balanced diet is also important in preventing cancer. Conducting regular self-breast exams is recommended for those with a family history of the disease. Lastly, performing self-breast exams at the end of the menstrual cycle can help in the early detection of any abnormalities.” She stressed.

Dr Fatima Tafida also underlined the importance of regular self-breast exams. She provided step-by-step instructions on how to perform a self-exam for early detection. 

She advised standing in front of a mirror with the left hand raised above the head. Using the fingers of the right hand, one should palpate the whole breast, pressing the nipple and checking for any cracks or nipple discharge, be it bloody or clear. The person should then move their hand under the armpits and check for enlarged lymph nodes. 

Dr. Fatima also highlighted signs to look out for, such as an orange peel appearance of the skin, one breast being bigger than the other, nipple retraction, or sores around the breast or nipples. These indicators could suggest a problem, and medical attention should be sought immediately. 

She stressed the importance of early detection and shared the example of Angelina Jolie, who underwent a double mastectomy after testing positive for a breast cancer gene due to her family history.

For women over the age of 40, Dr. Fatima underscored the importance of getting a yearly mammogram. She advised against relying solely on herbal medicines and encouraged sticking to scientifically proven methods of treatment and prevention. She said teenagers should be aware and proactive in screening themselves. While adding that wearing bras made from secondhand clothes, often of European origin, does not increase any chance of having breast cancer.

In conclusion, Dr. Fatima appealed to society to show kindness and support to breast cancer patients. She highlighted the high costs associated with treating breast cancer and urged governments, NGOs, and individuals to provide assistance and support to these patients.

The Raise Foundation has received heartfelt gratitude from beneficiaries who have received free treatment and support. One patient expressed her appreciation, acknowledging that she would not have been able to afford the treatment without the foundation’s help. Another beneficiary thanked the foundation and called on the state government, NGOs, and individuals to support breast cancer patients.

As breast cancer continues to devastate lives, we must come together and fight it collectively. Let us join hands in raising awareness, providing support, and working towards a future where breast cancer no longer exists.

Harajana Umar Ragada wrote via kharajnah@gmail.com. 

By Muhammed Sodangi

Let me begin with the famous saying of the South African anti-apartheid revolutionary leader, Nelson Mandela, who said, “It is through education that the daughter of a peasant can become a doctor, that the son of a mine worker can become the head of the mine, that a child of farm workers can become the president of a great nation. It is what we make out of what we have, not what we are given, that separates one person from another.”

On August 23, 2023, the Executive Governor of Kano State, Engr. Abba Kabir Yusuf, approved the payment of ₦700 million to 7,000 Kano indigenous students at Bayero University, Kano.

This commendable gesture has put smiles on the faces of a great number of students who were utterly struggling for the survival of their academic pursuits at the time.

Under your stewardship, Your Excellency, approximately 550 indigent students from Kano State were sponsored to travel overseas for a master’s scholarship program.

Thus, it is a clear testimony that the education sector has been prioritized by investing heavily in the future leaders of our state.

However, students studying at various universities outside the state risk deferment or withdrawal for not settling their tuition fees as promised by the Kano State government.

On March 2, 2024, the Kano governor held a meeting with the “Joint Consultative Forum of Kano Universities Students” to address the lingering issue regarding the payment of their tuition fees.

A few days later, a screening team from the scholarship board was dispatched to various universities, but no progress has been recorded yet.

Your Excellency, many students have missed tests and are on the brink of missing exams. We are thus calling on your intervention as soon as possible.

Thank you.

 By Haroon Aremu

Artificial intelligence (AI) is involved in everyday tasks, especially using smartphones or laptops to check message spellings, using voice commands for music, or following GPS directions. While these tools have existed, modern AI is much more advanced. It can not only complete tasks but also learn and improve its abilities by analysing information, making it even more powerful.

With its remarkable ability to think like a human and tackle everything from brainstorming to strategic planning, AI has become an indispensable ally in PR, reshaping how professionals craft their messages.

AI is a versatile powerhouse that can perform tasks such as generating innovative ideas and crafting tailor-made press releases and reports.

AI in PR is an especially exciting area. With tools ranging from traditional chatbots to cutting-edge, comprehensive platforms like Natural Language Generation (NLG) technology, PR pros can now create personalised content at lightning speed, paving the way for big-picture thinking and strategic approaches.

In a report by PRDaily and Accesswire, about 200 PR respondents were captioned. ‘59% seek predictive analytics for PR planning.’

Pundits argued that ChatGPT, the AI wizard that has revolutionised PR, is among the commonly used AI tools. With ChatGPT’s prompt input, tasks like building media lists and brainstorming content ideas have never been easier.

American Marketing AI Institute has also predicted that AI has created up to $2.6 trillion in business value in marketing and sales alone.

While incredibly powerful, AI is not 100% perfect and does not have emotions; it can also be inaccurate.

However, while AI may be a distraction, one thing remains abundantly clear: human connection is irreplaceable. After all, no machine can match the warmth and empathy of a genuine human interaction.

Meanwhile, AI and human interaction make the team’s dream easier. The deployment of both can boost efficiency and creativity and drive strategy. As the AI landscape continues to evolve, PR pros must embrace these changes wisely, leveraging technology as a tool to supercharge their skills and deliver impactful communication strategies by leveraging AI to streamline PR workflows in the digital age.

As an intern in PR and marketing communications, the influence of this field is undeniable. From advanced analytics to content generation, PR pros can deploy this tool to evaluate strategic decisions accurately.

Personalised marketing campaigns can also be deployed to elevate customer engagement, increase conversion rates and customer interactions, and enhance brand loyalty.

Notwithstanding, implementing AI also comes with challenges: data privacy concerns and the need for ongoing algorithm refinement present struggles requiring proactive solutions. Yet, these obstacles can be overcome through collaborative efforts and a willingness to adapt.

Haroon Aremu is a youth corps member with the PRNigeria centre and wrote in via exponentumera@gmail.com.