By Sabiu Abdullahi

Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates has expressed regret over his past association with convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein, as renewed attention surrounding recently released Epstein files stirs fresh controversy.

The latest disclosures have revived public and political interest in Epstein’s network of high-profile contacts. Among those facing renewed scrutiny are former US President Bill Clinton and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, who have both been named in the documents and have agreed to testify before a House committee examining Epstein’s activities.

Gates addressed the issue publicly after allegations surfaced in newly released records. Reports claimed he concealed a sexually transmitted disease from his former wife, Melinda French Gates, following alleged encounters with “Russian girls.” Epstein was also alleged to have suggested that Gates attempted to secretly administer antibiotics to his wife.

Gates’ office rejected the accusations, describing them as “absolutely absurd and completely false.” Speaking during an interview with Australia’s Channel 9News, the billionaire dismissed the claims and accused Epstein of attempting to damage his reputation or pressure him.

“Apparently, Jeffrey wrote an email to himself. That email was never sent. The email is false,” Gates said.

“I don’t know what his thinking was there. Was he trying to attack me in some way? Every minute I spent with him, I regret, and I apologise that I did that.”

Melinda French Gates also spoke about the renewed attention during an appearance on NPR’s Wild Card podcast. She said the resurfacing details had reopened painful memories from their 27-year marriage, which ended in divorce in 2021.

“For me, it’s personally hard whenever those details come up, right? Because it brings back memories of some very, very painful times in my marriage,” French Gates told the radio network’s Wild.

She continued: “Whatever questions remain there of what – I can’t even begin to know all of it – those questions are for those people and for even my ex-husband. They need to answer to those things, not me.”

Gates confirmed that he met Epstein in 2011 and shared dinners with him on several occasions. He said the meetings centred on efforts to mobilise wealthy donors for global health projects. He denied visiting Epstein’s private Caribbean island and rejected claims of sexual relations with women linked to the financier.

“The focus was always, he knew a lot of very rich people, and he was saying he could get them to give money to global health. In retrospect, that was a dead end,” Gates said.

“I was foolish to spend time with him. I was one of many people who regret ever knowing him. The more that comes out, the more clear it will be that, although the time was a mistake, it has nothing to do with that kind of behaviour.”

Reflecting on the broader scandal, Melinda French Gates described the situation as a societal reckoning and lamented the trauma suffered by victims.

“No girl should ever be put in the situation they were put in by Epstein and whatever was going on with all of the various people around him. It’s beyond heartbreaking,” she said.

“I remember being those ages the girls were, I remember my daughters being those ages.”

She added that learning about allegations connected to her former husband left her with “just unbelievable sadness,” though she emphasised that her concern remains with those directly affected. “What they went through is unimaginable,” she said.

Political reaction has also emerged. Republican congresswoman Nancy Mace of South Carolina disclosed that she had requested House Oversight Committee chair James Comer to subpoena Gates.

“Mace wrote on X, that she has questions for Bill Gates about Epstein, saying she supported Melinda French Gates’s assertion that her ex-husband must answer lingering questions.

Epstein died by suicide in August 2019 while awaiting trial on federal sex trafficking charges. Despite his death, investigations and document releases tied to his activities continue to generate global attention and draw prominent figures back into public focus.

By Iranloye Sofiu Taiye

The world has entered a phase in which power no longer feels compelled to wear moral disguises. From Eastern Europe to the Middle East, from East Asia to Latin America, coercion has re-emerged as an acceptable instrument of statecraft, and sovereignty has become increasingly conditional, least respected when convenient and violated when costly restraint disappears.

The Russia–Ukraine war, China’s posture towards Taiwan, Israel’s war in Gaza, and the long-standing pressure campaign against Venezuela are not isolated crises. They are symptoms of a systemic transition: the erosion of post–Cold War restraint and the reassertion of raw power politics in a crowded, mistrustful, and increasingly multipolar international system.

For Africa, this moment is not abstract. It is existential. The same forces reshaping Europe, Asia, and Latin America are already present on the African continent through resource competition, security outsourcing, debt diplomacy, sanctions regimes, proxy alignments, and political conditionality. The difference is that Africa often confronts these forces without a unified strategy, relying instead on appeals to history, morality, or international goodwill. That approach is no longer sufficient.

Realist theory, as articulated by thinkers such as Hans Morgenthau and John Mearsheimer, offers a brutally honest diagnosis of the international system. It reminds us that global politics is characterised by anarchy, not law; that survival, not virtue, motivates states; and that power, not rhetoric, ultimately determines outcomes.

Recent conflicts confirm realism’s core claims: Russia acted in Ukraine not because of moral failure but because it perceived a narrowing window to secure its sphere of influence. China’s pressure on Taiwan is driven less by ideology than by long-term assessments of capability, timing, and strategic opportunity. Israel’s conduct in Gaza reflects the logic of overwhelming deterrence in an insecure regional environment. The United States’ treatment of Venezuela illustrates how economic warfare substitutes for direct military intervention in an era of reputational constraints.

In each case, capability trumped legality, and vulnerability invited pressure. Yet realism, while accurate in diagnosing power behaviour, becomes dangerous when treated as destiny. Taken to its logical extreme, it suggests that weaker states have only three options: submission, alignment, or destruction. This is analytically lazy and politically paralysing.

History and current global practice demonstrate that survival is not reserved for the strongest but for the most strategically positioned. The key distinction between states that withstand pressure and those that collapse is not moral standing but strategic architecture.

Ukraine did not survive Russia’s invasion because it matched Moscow militarily. It survived because it transformed a bilateral war into a multilateral stake. By embedding its security dilemma within NATO, the EU, and global norms, Ukraine increased the cost of Russian victory beyond the battlefield.

Taiwan’s resilience lies not only in its arms but also in its economy. Its centrality to global semiconductor supply chains converts any military action into a worldwide economic crisis. Invasion becomes irrational not because it is impossible, but because it is prohibitively disruptive.

Palestine commands unprecedented global sympathy yet remains structurally vulnerable. Without credible security guarantees, economic leverage, or institutional power, moral legitimacy alone has not translated into sovereignty.

Venezuela’s leadership adopted confrontational rhetoric without building defensive alliances, diversified economic networks, or institutional shields. The result has been isolation, sanctions, and internal fragility, confirming that outrage without insulation invites coercion. The lesson is stark: states do not survive because they are right; they survive because they are costly to dominate. Afghanistan’s resilience is a case study. 

Africa today occupies a paradoxical position. The continent is: Central to the global energy transition (critical minerals), demographically pivotal, geopolitically courted by rival powers, and numerically powerful in multilateral institutions; alas, Africa remains strategically fragmented. Most African states still approach global politics through the language of gratitude, alignment, or moral appeal rather than through calculated leverage. The continent’s diplomatic posture is often reactive rather than anticipatory.

This is dangerous in a world where: aid is weaponised, debt is politicised, sanctions are normalised, and security assistance comes with strategic strings. Africa risks becoming the quiet theatre of the next great-power contest, not because it is weak, but because it is insufficiently coordinated.

What Africa requires is neither idealism nor cynicism, but strategic realism with agency a doctrine that accepts power politics while refusing subjugation.

Such a doctrine would rest on five pillars.

1. Strategic Indispensability: Africa must move beyond raw resource exportation toward value-chain centrality. Countries that control processing, logistics, and industrial ecosystems are harder to coerce than those that merely supply inputs.

2. Networked Sovereignty: Sovereignty in the 21st century is not isolationist. It is embedded on favourable terms through regional blocs, trade regimes, and security compacts that dilute unilateral pressure.

3. Institutional Power, Not Institutional Faith: Africa must stop treating international institutions as moral referees and start using them as arenas of contestation. Voting blocs, agenda-setting, and procedural leverage matter.

4. Strategic Non-Alignment, Not Passivity: Non-alignment must evolve from rhetorical neutrality into active hedging, diversifying partnerships, avoiding dependency traps, and exploiting multipolar competition without becoming a proxy.

5. Continental Coordination: No African state, regardless of size, can negotiate effectively alone in a hardened global system. Continental coherence in economic, diplomatic, and security-related is no longer aspirational; it is existential.

Conclusively, power will not wait for Africa to be ready; the defining feature of the emerging world order is not chaos, but selective constraint. Power will be exercised where resistance is weak, fragmented, or sentimental and restrained where costs are high, and consequences diffuse. Africa cannot afford another century of learning this lesson too late. The continent must abandon the illusion that shared history, moral standing, or international sympathy will shield it from coercion. Those narratives did not protect Ukraine, Palestine, or Venezuela. They will not protect Africa.

What will protect Africa is a strategy: the ability to anticipate pressure, restructure vulnerability, and convert relevance into leverage. In a world where power has shed its disguises, survival belongs not to the loudest protester, but to the most strategically prepared.

Iranloye Sofiu Taiye is a policy analyst and wrote via iranloye100@gmail.com.

By Sabiu Abdullahi

A Nigerian man, identified as Abdulrashid Elsa, has returned ₦120,000 that was mistakenly transferred into his OPay account, an act that has drawn praise for honesty at a time when cases of online fraud remain widespread.

He took the story of all that transpired to his Facebook page today Wednesday.

The incident occurred around midnight when the money was sent from a company’s account. Several hours later, at about 3:00 p.m., a woman contacted the recipient, explaining calmly that she had mistakenly transferred the funds to his account and appealed for his understanding.

Initially, the recipient said he could not find any record of the transaction after checking his regular OPay account. Despite receiving a transfer receipt from the caller, the money was still not visible, which raised suspicion.

“I thought she might be a scammer and even warned her to stop contacting me,” he explained.

However, the situation became clearer when the caller mentioned the phone number used for the transfer. It was then discovered that the funds had been sent to another OPay account linked to his MTN line, not the account he regularly checks.

After confirming the error, the recipient requested the sender’s account details and immediately refunded the full ₦120,000.

The woman reportedly called back shortly after to express her gratitude, even before receiving the refund receipt. Moments later, one of her colleagues, identified as a Muslim, also took the phone to thank him repeatedly, expressing visible relief and happiness.

The recipient said the incident reminded him of the importance of integrity and faith, adding that what is destined for a person will never pass them by.

The story has since resonated with many Nigerians, highlighting honesty and empathy in an era marked by financial pressure and increasing digital transactions.

By Sabiu Abdullahi

The Nigerian Senate has voted down a proposal seeking to amend the Electoral Act to make the electronic transmission of election results compulsory.

The decision was taken on Wednesday when lawmakers rejected an amendment to Clause 60, Subsection 3, of the Electoral Amendment Bill. The proposal aimed to remove the Independent National Electoral Commission’s (INEC) discretion over how election results are transmitted.

If approved, the amendment would have legally required INEC presiding officers to electronically upload results from every polling unit directly to the Result Viewing Portal (IREV) in real time. This process was to occur immediately after Form EC8A had been duly signed and stamped by the presiding officer, with party agents countersigning the document.

However, the Senate chose to maintain the existing and widely debated provision of the Electoral Act.

Under the current law, “the presiding officer shall transfer the results, including the total number of accredited voters and the results of the ballot, in a manner as prescribed by the Commission.”

By retaining this clause, lawmakers have allowed INEC to continue determining whether electronic transmission will be used. Critics insist that this flexibility created gaps that were allegedly exploited during the 2023 general elections.

The Senate’s decision has sparked strong reactions across the country, with many Nigerians and civil society organisations expressing disappointment. These groups had backed the amendment, describing it as a vital safeguard against manual manipulation of results at collation centres.

Analysts described the move as a setback for democratic development in Nigeria.

“We thought the National Assembly would learn from the failures of 2023 where the IREV portal became a source of national embarrassment,” Gerald Ede said. “By rejecting mandatory transmission, the Senate has essentially given a green light for the status quo of ‘manual miracles’ and result manipulation to continue.”

Supporters of the amendment had viewed mandatory real-time transmission as a crucial measure to rebuild public trust in elections.

The rejection comes at a time when calls for comprehensive electoral reforms are growing, particularly reforms designed to reduce human interference in the electoral process.

Opponents of the Senate’s position argue that leaving the “manner” of transmission to INEC’s discretion, especially given its past record of “technical glitches” during key stages of result collation, could fuel further electoral disputes and weaken the legitimacy of elected officials.

By Ibrahym El-Caleel

Jeffery Epstein, despite being a MOSSAD agent who successfully lured high profile individuals and world leaders into his web to obtain their dirty secrets, was afraid of Nigerians scamming him in oil deal.

Epstein is afraid of Nigerians. Hehe.

Ladies and gentlemen, I want to officially tell you that I am also afraid of Nigerians from now going forward.

But jokes aside, Nigerians are a special breed. If a Nigerian decides to settle for anything, he ensures that he masters it to the best of his or her ability.

In the wake of the US’s disregard for Nigeria’s sovereignty in December last year, I read a post on X made by a security analyst. The handle is @GallantDaletian, and he opined that yes, the US military might have the tech, air power, and naval dominance, but when it comes to guerrilla and asymmetric warfare, the Nigerian military is a force to be reckoned with!

He said, the US may have advanced technology, drones, and aircraft carriers, but Nigeria’s military has mastered the art of unconventional warfare, leveraging local knowledge and intelligence to outmaneuver adversaries.

It’s not about comparing strengths, but acknowledging different areas of expertise. Nigeria’s focus on regional security, counter terrorism, and peacekeeping has earned it respect, while the US excels in global reach and high tech warfare.

Clearly Jeffery Epstein, despite his notoriety, believes that the fear of Nigerians is the beginning of wisdom. Sharp guy.

By Sabiu Abdullahi

Ukraine’s sports minister has criticised Fifa president Gianni Infantino over comments suggesting that world football’s governing body could reconsider the ban placed on Russia, describing his remarks as “irresponsible” and “infantile.”

Russian national teams and clubs were suspended by Fifa and Uefa in February 2022 following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, a decision that has kept the country out of major tournaments, including the 2022 World Cup, Euro 2024 and the 2026 World Cup.

Despite the ongoing war, Infantino said the ban “has not achieved anything” and “has just created more frustration and hatred,” adding that “having girls and boys from Russia being able to play football games in other parts of Europe would help.”

Reacting in a post on social media, Ukraine’s sports minister, Matvii Bidnyi, said: “Gianni Infantino’s words sound irresponsible – not to say infantile,” adding that they “detach football from the reality in which children are being killed.”

Bidnyi stated that more than 650 Ukrainian athletes and coaches, including over 100 footballers, have been killed since the start of the war, and added: “War is a crime, not politics,” insisting that Russia’s flag and national symbols “have no place among people who respect values such as justice, integrity and fair play.”

Serhii Palkin, chief executive of Ukrainian club Shakhtar Donetsk, also condemned Infantino’s comments, saying they “represent a complete detachment from reality” and amount to “an attempt to pretend that war and aggression do not exist.”

He warned that football cannot ignore events outside the pitch, stating: “Football cannot exist outside reality and it has no right to turn a blind eye to evil,” while stressing that any move to reintegrate Russia would carry “responsibility for complicity in the silencing of war crimes.”

Although Russia has played matches against some non-Western nations outside the Fifa and Uefa framework, the ban remains in place, even as Ukraine continues to oppose any steps toward Russia’s return to international sport.

By Sabiu Abdullahi

Saudi Arabia has announced plans to introduce official passports for millions of camels across the kingdom as part of efforts to improve oversight and management of its prized livestock.

The Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture said the move would help raise standards in the sector and create a dependable national record, noting that the initiative would increase “productivity and efficiency in the sector and build a reliable reference database for camels.”

A social media post released by the ministry on Tuesday showed the proposed document, which appears as a green passport bearing the Saudi coat of arms and a golden image of a camel.

According to state-owned broadcaster Al Ekhbariya, the passport will “contribute to organizing sales and trading operations by regulating trade and transportation, providing official documentation, protecting the rights of owners, and facilitating proof of ownership.”

Government estimates in 2024 placed the camel population at about 2.2 million, underscoring the importance of the animals, which have served as transport, symbols of status and key drivers of a lucrative breeding industry in the kingdom for centuries.

By Hadiza Abdulkadir

Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, the son of Libya’s former leader Muammar Gaddafi, has been killed in the western Libyan town of Zintan, according to local authorities and sources close to the family.

He was reportedly shot after armed men stormed his residence, disabling security cameras before opening fire. The circumstances surrounding the attack remain unclear, and no group has claimed responsibility so far.

Once seen as his father’s political heir, Saif al-Islam became a central and controversial figure following the 2011 uprising that ended the Gaddafi regime. He was captured that year, later sentenced to death in absentia for war crimes, and released in 2017 under an amnesty law.

In recent years, he had sought a return to politics, including an unsuccessful attempt to run in Libya’s postponed presidential election.

Libya’s Attorney General has announced an investigation into the killing. Analysts say his death could have political implications in a country still struggling with deep divisions and instability more than a decade after the revolution.

By Isah Kamisu Madachi

The furore over whether the tax laws should be implemented has passed. The nationwide discussions about the discrepancy between the gazetted version and the version passed by the National Assembly have also faded. January 1 has come and gone, and many changes, especially around digital transactions, are already beginning to manifest, as provided for under the new tax law. The consolidated tax laws under the tax reform regime are now in force, and as a citizen, I hope they are backed by strong accountability mechanisms and oversight to ensure that collected taxes are used for the right purposes.

However, I observed a major policy gap in the final moments of the law’s implementation, which, if left unaddressed, could not only undermine the law’s effectiveness but also cause greater harm to its objectives. If I were to estimate, I would say that less than 5% of Nigerians understand what the new tax law contains, how it works, and what it does not do. This knowledge gap has created a fertile ground for misinformation, disinformation, and fake news. 

In the past few days, I have personally encountered many people who told me they had withdrawn all the money saved in their bank accounts and converted it to cash. They said they no longer trust cashless transactions. Some were told that every transaction, regardless of the amount, would incur a flat ₦50 fee. 

Others were also told that keeping money in their accounts would result in monthly deductions, or that 5% of their savings would be deducted each month for tax. None of these claims could be traced to any provision of the law, yet they are widely shared with absolute confidence.

Another unfortunate experience was my encounter with a young and vibrant POS agent from whom I regularly withdraw cash. He told me he had shut down his business. According to what he was told, every ₦500,000 transaction would attract ₦15,000 in tax, every ₦5 million would attract ₦250,000, and any transaction above ₦1,000 would automatically be charged ₦50. 

He was also told these deductions would be accumulated and collected at the end of the month, and that’s what frightened him most. He used to make transactions averaging ₦50 million per month. With this information, he now chose to abandon his livelihood. Whether these claims are true or false is not the most important when one considers the damage such misinformation is already causing.

There is also a growing narrative, particularly on social media, that every transaction must now be clearly explained in the narration section. People are being told they must specify whether the money is for savings, shopping, gifts, rewards, profit, or salary. A counter-narrative exists saying this is false. Sadly, the average Nigerian does not know which version to believe. In an environment where official clarity is weak, rumours travel faster than facts.

If I were to document all the misinformation circulating about the new tax law, it would take more than a newspaper opinion. New versions emerge almost every hour. The most alarming outcome of this misinformation is how people are altering their economic behaviour. Businesses are being abandoned. Trust in digital finance is being eroded. People are deserting the cashless system out of fear, believing their money is no longer safe in the banking system.

The only effort I am aware of to address this information gap is the reported engagement of social media influencers to enlighten the public. If this effort has begun, it is not enough. If it has not, then it is urgently needed. But beyond influencers, one must ask: what happened to local radio stations? Radio remains the primary source of information for millions of Nigerians, especially in rural areas. The law should be broken down and discussed in local languages on local radio. 

There are also a proliferation of online television platforms operating across social media spaces. The tax reform committee should collaborate strategically with them to explain the law in simple, creative ways. Influencers alone cannot carry this burden. Public communication must be broader, more structured, and more deliberate.

The Federal Ministry of Information also plays a central role here. There is an urgent need for a simplified version of the tax law, as well as translations into local languages, and for their dissemination in collaboration with state ministries of information. Students, heads of households, community leaders, traders, and small business owners must all be deliberately engaged. Town hall meetings, especially in peri-urban communities, should be organised. They are necessary to counter the scale of misinformation already circulating.

When people are largely unaware of what a law entails, dysfunction is inevitable. The law may exist, but its implementation will be undermined by fear, resistance, and unintended consequences. By the look of things, those who understand the new tax law are currently the fewest in Nigeria, even among the highly educated. If this gap remains wide open, the law may struggle to achieve its intended outcomes.

Now that it’s here, I hope, and I genuinely pray, that if effectively implemented and properly communicated, the new tax laws will become one of the long-awaited channels for fixing many of Nigeria’s challenges. But without deliberate public education, I doubt if the policy can yield the desired result.

Isah Kamisu Madachi is a public policy enthusiast and development practitioner. He writes from Abuja and can be reached via: isahkamisumadachi@gmail.com.

By Sabiu Abdullahi

African men searching for work are being misled, pressured and pushed into combat roles in Russia’s war in Ukraine, leaving many dead, injured or missing, according to accounts from victims, returnees and families.

For Anne Ndarua, the pain is constant. Tears fill her eyes whenever she speaks about her only son, Francis Ndung’u Ndarua, a 35-year-old Kenyan who travelled to Russia six months ago after being promised employment as an electrical engineer. Today, she does not know whether he is alive.

Anne said she last spoke directly with Francis in October. Since then, there has been no contact, apart from disturbing videos that later circulated online and revealed what several African families now describe as a lethal recruitment scheme.

According to a CNN report, Anne received a video in December from an unknown Kenyan number. In the footage, Francis warns fellow Africans against travelling to Russia in search of work. He says job seekers are being forced into the Russian military and sent to fight in Ukraine.

“You’ll end up being taken to the military even if you’ve never served in the military, and you’re taken to the frontline battle. And there are true killings,” he says in the video. “Many friends have died in the name of money.”

About a week later, another video appeared online. It shows Francis in military uniform with what appears to be a landmine strapped to his chest. He looks visibly terrified while a Russian-speaking man shouts racist insults and says Francis will be used as a “can-opener” to break through Ukrainian positions.

“It’s so traumatising,” Anne told CNN. She said she could not watch the clip after her daughter described it to her. Anne explained that speaking publicly was her last hope of prompting action from authorities in Kenya and Russia.

“I’m appealing to the Kenyan and Russian governments to work together to bring those children home,” she said. “They lied to them about real jobs and now they’re in war with their lives in danger.”

Before leaving Kenya, Francis lived with his mother in a small settlement outside Nairobi and had no job. Anne said he paid about $620 to a local agent who claimed he could arrange legitimate work in Russia. She later became alarmed when her son reported that he had been pushed into military training shortly after arriving.

Anne said Francis spent only three weeks in basic training before being deployed to the front lines in Ukraine.

A broader CNN investigation points to widespread recruitment of African men by agents linked to Russia. These recruiters allegedly promise civilian jobs, high wages and Russian citizenship, yet many recruits end up conscripted into one of the world’s deadliest conflicts.

CNN reviewed hundreds of chat messages, visas, military contracts, flight records and hotel bookings, and interviewed African fighters and those who managed to return home. The findings describe deception, pressure, unpaid salaries, racism and extreme risk.

Although precise numbers are unknown, governments in Kenya, Uganda, South Africa and Botswana have confirmed that dozens, and possibly hundreds, of their citizens have been drawn into Russia’s war. Media reports across Africa tell similar stories, which have led several governments to warn citizens against suspicious job offers linked to Russia.

Russia’s Defence and Foreign Ministries did not respond to CNN’s requests for comment. The Russian embassy in Nairobi also declined to comment.

CNN spoke with 12 African fighters still in Ukraine, from Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya and Uganda. All said recruiters initially offered civilian roles such as drivers, factory workers, technicians or security guards. They were promised signing bonuses of up to $13,000, monthly pay of up to $3,500 and Russian citizenship after completing service.

Instead, they said they were forced into the army on arrival, given minimal training and sent to combat zones. Several said they were compelled to sign contracts written only in Russian, without translators or legal advice. Many also reported that their passports were seized.

Despite Russian law requiring foreign recruits to understand the language, none of the Africans interviewed said they spoke Russian.

Several fighters said promised payments never arrived. Some accused recruiters or fellow soldiers of stealing money from their bank accounts.

“One Russian soldier forced me at gunpoint to give him my bank card and PIN,” one African fighter told CNN anonymously. “Nearly $15,000 was withdrawn. I’ve been here seven months, and I haven’t been paid a single cent.”

He added that four men who travelled to Russia with him have since died.

Documents examined by CNN indicate that the contracts are far more restrictive than advertised. They include open-ended combat duties, strict loyalty clauses and financial penalties for leaving. The contracts also allow authorities to restrict movement, seize passports and impose long-term secrecy obligations. Promises of retraining or civilian employment are only available after at least five years of service and under limited discharge conditions.

On social media, a different message circulates. In one popular video, a Nigerian man in Russian military uniform encourages Africans to enlist, describing the process as “very, very easy and very good, no stress.” Other clips appear in Igbo, Swahili, Twi and Pidgin English. Ghanaian soldier Kwabena Ballo boasts in one TikTok video: “My salary can feed your father, mother and whole family for two or three years.”

Most African fighters interviewed by CNN reject this portrayal. They described constant danger, racial insults from commanders, unpaid wages and bodies of fellow Africans left on the battlefield for months. Some spoke of colleagues who lost limbs without compensation and suffered severe psychological distress.

“The war here is very hot, and many people are dying on both sides,” said the only African fighter who told CNN he intended to complete his contract. “This was not what these guys expected.”

Despite such accounts, Russian state media continues to highlight African recruits as honoured volunteers. Lawmakers praise them publicly, while televised citizenship ceremonies present Russia as inclusive.

Patrick Kwoba, a 39-year-old Kenyan carpenter, said he believed the online images. After seeing an African friend in the Russian army appearing prosperous on social media, he paid an agent $620 and was promised a $23,000 signing bonus.

“I thought I was going to be a security guard, not a combatant,” Kwoba said in Nairobi after escaping.

He described his four months in Ukraine as “hell.” After three weeks of training, he was sent to the front and later injured during a Ukrainian drone and grenade attack.

“When I asked for first aid using the code ‘3-star,’ my Russian partner chased me away and started shooting at me,” he said.

Kwoba escaped during recovery leave in St. Petersburg and made his way to the Kenyan embassy in Moscow. Embassy officials helped him return home with temporary travel papers.

“So long as you’ve stepped in the Russian military, you escape or you die,” he said. “If you finish your contract, they still force you to stay.”

Kwoba still needs surgery to remove shrapnel from his body and says he is lucky to be alive.

Another returnee, 32-year-old Kenyan photographer Charles Njoki, applied through a Russian army recruitment portal to support his pregnant wife. He sold his car to fund the journey and arrived in Russia within a week. While he was in training, his wife miscarried, news he learned days later because recruits’ phones had been taken away.

Njoki was injured in a drone strike and now lives with permanent damage to his hand and spine. He believes African fighters were deliberately placed in the most dangerous positions.

“They tell you that you’ll guard places, not fight,” he said. “But you end up on the front line.”