Month: February 2025

By Uzair Adam

The Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives, Hon. Benjamin Kalu, has disclosed that none of the 31 proposals submitted for the creation of new states in Nigeria met the constitutional requirements.

Speaking at the opening of a two-day retreat for members of the Constitution Review Committee in Ikot Ekpene, Akwa Ibom State, Kalu, who also serves as the chairman of the committee, revealed that over 200 bills seeking amendments to the 1999 Constitution had been received.

He stated that while some of the proposed amendments had reached the second reading stage, others were still at the first reading.

According to him, the retreat aimed to review the bills, incorporate expert input, familiarize members with their contents, and prioritize them based on national interest.

The committee is also preparing for zonal public hearings and a harmonization meeting with the Senate.

“The compilation process has revealed instances of duplication—whether by sponsors or overlapping subject matters. This necessitates meticulous harmonization to streamline efforts and eliminate redundancy,” Kalu said.

He further explained that the bills had been grouped into thematic areas, including federal structure and power devolution, local government autonomy, public revenue, fiscal federation, revenue allocation, electoral reforms, judicial reforms, gender issues, human rights, and state creation.

Regarding state creation, Kalu said the committee received 31 requests but found none of them met the constitutional criteria.

Consequently, the submission deadline has been extended to March 5, 2025, to allow applicants to fulfill the necessary requirements.

In a move to enhance public engagement, Kalu announced the establishment of a situation room in collaboration with Policy and Legal Advocacy Centre (PLAC) to address concerns from Nigerians during the constitution amendment process.

He urged lawmakers to ensure that citizens’ voices are reflected in the ongoing reforms.

The deputy speaker also disclosed plans for zonal public hearings across the six geopolitical zones to gather more input from stakeholders before finalizing the amendments.

By Uzair Adam

Governor Abdullahi Sule of Nasarawa state has dismissed the suspended chairman and members of the Teachers Service Commission (TSC) over allegations of employment fraud.

The announcement was made on Friday during the swearing-in ceremony of 16 newly appointed commissioners at City Hall in Lafia, the Nasarawa State capital.

Governor Sule also disclosed plans to establish an independent body to oversee fresh selection interviews for 3,000 previously recruited teachers, with the aim of selecting 1,500 qualified candidates.

The newly appointed commissioners, who were screened by the state legislature, include:

Yakubu Kwanta – Youth and Sports (Akwanga LGA)

Umar Tanko Tunga – Lands (Awe LGA)

Munirat Abdullahi – Finance (Doma LGA)

Gabriel Agbashi – Science & Technology (Doma LGA)

Isaac Danladi Amadu – Environment (Karu LGA)

Margret Itaki Elayo – Pending Portfolio (Mans LGA)

Dr. Ibrahim Tanko – Information (Keffi LGA)

John D.W Mamman – Education (Kokona LGA)

Aminu Mu’azu Miafata – Local Government & Community Affairs (Lafia LGA)

CP Usman Baba – Security & Sundry (Lafia LGA)

Mohammed Sani Ottos – Trade and Investment (Nasarawa LGA)

Mohammed Agah Muluku – Water Resources (Nasarawa Eggon LGA)

Barr. David Moyi – Special Duties & Legal (Obi LGA)

Gaza Gwamna – Health (Toto LGA)

Barr. Jugbo Hauwa Samuel – Justice (Wamba LGA)

Mu’azu Gosho – Works (Wamba LGA)

Governor Sule reaffirmed his administration’s commitment to transparency, accountability, and good governance in Nasarawa State.

By Abdullahi Mukhtar Algasgaini

In his newly launched book, A Journey in Service, former military president Ibrahim Babangida has revealed that his close ally and colleague, General Sani Abacha, plotted a violent coup to remove him from office.

Babangida, who oversaw the country’s military regime from 1985 to 1993, disclosed the shocking details of Abacha’s intentions during a book launch event at the Transcorp Hilton Hotel in Abuja on Thursday.

Abacha, who later led the military junta that ousted the transitional government of Ernest Shonekan, opposed the process of handing over power to a civilian administration.

Babangida reflected on his interactions with Abacha, admitting that at various points, he feared for his own safety and the well-being of those around him.

He also questioned why Abacha was not retired earlier to prevent the issues that would later lead to his own downfall.

“There was no pact between Abacha and me,” Babangida clarified in his book, addressing speculation about a secret agreement between the two.

Despite his growing concerns, Babangida chose not to take drastic action against Abacha or other opposition forces in the military, fearing it could lead to bloodshed due to the deep divisions within the armed forces.

Babangida expressed regret over his decision to not neutralize the opposition earlier, especially the Abacha-backed ABC News (ABN), which he accused of disrupting the transition process.

Reflecting on his time in power, Babangida admitted that his instincts told him to take a stronger stand against Abacha, but the unstable political environment made such a move dangerous.

This revelation offers new insight into the tense relationship between the two military leaders and the challenges Babangida faced as he navigated the difficult road to civilian rule.

By Nasiru Ibrahim

“The introduction of AI and automation is a double-edged sword: it holds immense potential for efficiency, but its consequences on job markets, especially in developing economies like Nigeria, need to be addressed through strategic workforce planning and skills development” (Bessen, 2019).

This article examines the positive and negative impacts of AI on the workforce, supported by economic theory and real-life examples from Nigeria.

Artificial intelligence is the direct opposite of human intelligence. It showcases the ability of machines, such as computers, to carry out tasks that require human intelligence. AI performs tasks such as writing, problem-solving, analyzing data trends, driving self-driving cars, harvesting fruits on farms, and other tasks traditionally performed by humans.

AI automation involves the use of artificial intelligence and technology to automate repetitive tasks that humans traditionally carry out in their daily lives. It enhances productivity, efficiency, and scalability, reduces production costs, and ensures round-the-clock availability for services such as banking.

AI depends on data to perform tasks and learns from humans through data annotation or labelling. This indicates that it cannot recognise images, interpret voices, or understand statements unless trained by humans. Generative AI like GPT–4 is transforming the labour market while influencing the demand and supply of labour in the overall economy. The automation of repetitive tasks in both skilled and unskilled jobs by companies has raised concerns about whether AI will harm or benefit the workforce. This debate has led to the application of traditional economic theory to explore and explain the economic effects of AI.

Economic Theory on AI

Austrian Economist Joseph Schumpeter’s theory of creative destruction explains how new technology and innovation reshape economies by replacing old jobs and technologies with new ones. This theory supports the argument that AI can create new industries, jobs, and opportunities, as seen in Nigeria’s growing tech sector, which includes Fintech, E-learning, E-commerce, and Agritech. Below, we explain these theories with examples from across Nigeria.

Firstly, in Fintech in Lagos, companies like Flutterwave and Paystack now employ AI engineers and data scientists to develop fraud detection systems and personalised banking tools.

Secondly, in E-learning in Abuja, platforms like Ulesson use AI for tailored learning experiences, creating roles like app developers and AI trainers.

Thirdly, in E-commerce in cities like Lagos and Kano, Jumia and Konga use AI for supply chain optimisation and chatbots, fostering jobs in logistics tech and digital marketing.

Fourthly, in Agritech in Kaduna, Thrive Agric employs AI for farm monitoring and analytics, generating demand for data analysts and field specialists.

Human Capital Theory

Human Capital Theory, developed by Gary Becker and Theodore Schultz, emphasises the importance of education and skills in economic productivity. In Nigeria, the demand for human capital has increased in sectors such as machine learning, data annotation, and AI development. The rise of AI has fostered a need for expertise in areas like data science and machine learning. Initiatives like Data Science Nigeria are aiding individuals in acquiring these skills, enhancing their employability and contributing to the nation’s economy. This aligns with Human Capital Theory, which asserts that investing in education and skills enhances productivity.

Pareto Optimality

AI has the potential to increase productivity and efficiency in Nigeria’s economy without worsening the condition of any particular group, achieving Pareto optimality. AI in Nigerian healthcare, such as AI tools for diagnosing diseases, is helping both patients and doctors. These tools make diagnoses faster and more accurate, improving care without harming anyone. This is an example of Pareto Optimality, where everyone benefits without undermining the benefit of anyone.

Dr. G. Yoganandham (2024), Professor & Head of the Department of Economics, in his paper titled Impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the Economy, Politics, Ecosystem, Innovation, and Promoting Inclusive Workforce Frameworks (2024), stated:

“The global economy could benefit by $13 trillion from artificial intelligence by 2030, although 375 million jobs may be displaced. The workplace is one of many areas where AI will bring a revolutionary impact. It can streamline processes, reduce costs, and enhance decision-making. AI can also improve customer satisfaction by analysing data for predictive analytics, reducing accidents in construction and manufacturing, and creating new employment opportunities in data science, machine learning, and AI education.

However, workplace AI raises ethical concerns about racial bias, privacy, security, and democracy. While some argue it may lead to robotic employment, there is ongoing debate about its potential to foster innovative work, create new career paths, and improve judgment.”

From the above theories, it can be deduced that on the one hand, AI, ceteris paribus, could have a positive effect on the expanding workforce in Nigeria, in terms of:

Firstly, AI fosters the creation of new jobs and opportunities. It fosters the emergence of new industries and job roles, particularly in data science, big data technology, AI engineering, and cybersecurity. Companies like Data Science Nigeria (DSN) are equipping Nigerians with skills in data analytics and machine learning, creating employment opportunities in the tech industry.

Secondly, AI enhances productivity and efficiency. It reduces production costs and streamlines processes, enabling businesses to operate more efficiently. In agriculture, Hello Tractor uses AI to connect smallholder farmers with tractor owners, increasing farming efficiency and reducing costs.

Thirdly, improving demand forecasting and profitability. AI tools optimise supply chain management and demand forecasting, leading to increased profitability for businesses. Jumia, Nigeria’s leading e-commerce platform, employs AI algorithms to predict customer preferences, enhance inventory management, and boost sales.

Fourthly, upskilling the workforce. AI encourages the development of skills that align with technological advancements, offering workers better career prospects.

On the other hand, AI could have a negative impact on the workforce in Nigeria, in terms of:

Firstly, job displacement due to the automation of repetitive tasks can affect low-skilled workers, particularly in the manufacturing and service sectors. In Nigeria’s financial sector, banks such as GTBank have adopted AI-powered chatbots (e.g., Habari), thereby decreasing the need for human customer service representatives.

Secondly, bias in hiring and decision-making. AI systems trained on biased data can create discrimination, particularly in hiring processes.

Thirdly, ethical and privacy concerns. AI-driven technologies often raise privacy, security, and data misuse issues.

Fourthly, there is limited access to AI resources. Many Nigerians, particularly in rural areas, lack access to the infrastructure and education required to benefit from AI advancements. For example, I live in Gwiwa Local Government Area, Jigawa State, but the entire local government lacks basic ICT facilities, let alone advanced technological resources that would help people understand artificial intelligence.

While AI promises to increase efficiency and productivity in various sectors in Nigeria, such as agriculture, the question remains: Will the benefits outweigh the job losses, particularly in a country with high unemployment and underemployment?

In Northern Nigeria, where more than 50% of the population is engaged in agriculture, a phased approach is urgently needed. Before AI can be widely adopted, attention should be directed towards improving mechanised farming techniques to enhance food security and tackle inflation. 

Given the shortage of skilled labour prepared to use AI in agriculture, it is essential to prioritise education and training, followed by the mechanisation of farming practices. This would ensure that the workforce is adequately prepared to embrace AI when it is introduced. AI has the potential to boost agricultural productivity by facilitating the timely harvest of crops and minimising the risk of poor yields.

The lack of education in Northern Nigeria exacerbates these challenges. According to the World Bank, the literacy rate in Nigeria stands at approximately 31%, with the Northern region experiencing a significantly higher illiteracy rate. This deficit in educational access has fostered a profound sense of frustration, as many individuals find it difficult to survive amid escalating economic hardships.

People in these regions often face unmet needs, yet politicians offer solutions that don’t address the core issues. This disconnect between the people’s needs and the actions of those in power further deepens the divide and hinders progress. Many feel that immediate economic policies, such as harsh taxation and subsidy removals, are prioritised over long-term, sustainable solutions. There is an urgent need for more inclusive and sustainable economic policies that address the technological transformation driven by AI and tackle the underlying social inequalities.

While AI adoption in agriculture has the potential to boost productivity and reduce costs, the key to its successful integration lies in addressing the fundamental issues of illiteracy, poor governance, and lack of infrastructure, particularly in the Northern regions. Only through a concerted effort to improve education, promote mechanised farming, and gradually introduce AI can Nigeria hope to mitigate the potential displacement of jobs while reaping the benefits of technology.

Ibrahim is a graduate of the Department of Economics from Bayero University, Kano, and writes from Jigawa.

By Anas Abbas

The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has brought charges against 20 foreign nationals accused of engaging in cybercrimes aimed at destabilizing Nigeria’s economy.

The arraignment took place on Thursday at the Federal High Court in Lagos, presided over by Judge Musa Kakaki.

Among those charged are 15 individuals from the Philippines, one from Indonesia, and four from China.

The defendants have been identified as Kayceelyn Remorin, Jonylyn Agulto, Donny Hermanto, Guo Bin, Darwa Esmael, Lari Jane Tayac, Jhena Samiento, Jessa Sai Chui, Rain Torida, Kimbaley Nisperos, Winnie De Jesus, Shairah May Reyes, Gladys Joy May Iba, Jean Calaga, Huo Wen Jie, Zhao Sui Tao, Gong An Pengua Yua, and Anjeannet Topacio.

According to the charge sheet, the defendants, along with the corporate entity Genting International Co. Limited, allegedly accessed computer systems on December 18, 2024, with the intent to significantly disrupt Nigeria’s economic and social structures.

They reportedly recruited local youths for identity theft and misrepresented themselves as foreign nationals to gain financial benefits, violating the Cybercrimes (Prohibition, Prevention, Etc) Act of 2015 (as amended in 2024).

All defendants pleaded not guilty to the charges. Following their pleas, N.K. Ukoha, representing the prosecution, requested that the court also enter a not guilty plea for Genting International Co. Limited, which was not present in court.

Ukoha urged the court to remand the defendants in a correctional facility until the trial commenced.

In response, defense attorneys Bridget Omoteno and B.A. Ukpai opposed the prosecution’s request and sought a brief adjournment to allow their clients to consider a potential plea bargain.

After considering both sides, Judge Kakaki ordered that the defendants be remanded in custody and scheduled the next hearing for March 18 and 20.

These individuals were among 792 suspects apprehended by EFCC operatives in Lagos during a crackdown in December 2024.

By Anas Abbas

President Bola Ahmed Tinubu has officially approved the establishment of two new federal universities in Osun and Ekiti State The newly created institutions are the Federal University of Technology and Environmental Sciences located in Iyin Ekiti, and the Federal University of Agriculture and Development Studies situated in Iragbiji, Osun State.

The announcement was made by Senate Leader Senator Opeyemi Bamidele following the signing of the relevant legislation at the State House in Abuja on Thursday.

Both bills, sponsored by Bamidele in 2023 and 2024, had previously been passed by the Senate, received approval from the House of Representatives, and ultimately secured presidential assent.

In a statement released on Thursday titled “NASS Secures Presidential Assent to Federal Universities in Ekiti, Osun,” Bamidele highlighted the vital role these universities will play in fostering national development.

“These universities will help close the knowledge gap in science, technology, and innovation, promote environmental sustainability and climate action, and enhance agricultural innovation and food security in Nigeria,” he stated.

He referred to the presidential assent as a “defining and significant milestone” in the administration’s efforts to address food insecurity and climate change challenges.

Prior to the presidential approval, the Minister of Education, Dr. Tunji Alausa, had strongly advocated for the establishment of both universities in a letter to the presidency dated February 19.

By Anwar Usman

Tensions flare-up in the Senate on Thursday after Senator Natasha Akpoti-Uduaghan exchange words with the leadership over a seating arrangement dispute.

The issue started when Akpoti-Uduaghan’s seat was reassigned following a reshuffle prompted by opposition members moving to the majority wing which she refused to abide by.

The Chief Whip of the house, Senator Tahir Monguno, explained the Senate rules to justify the change, and stated that seat adjustments were under the authority of the Senate President.

He also warned that non-compliance could lead to penalties, including exclusion from Senate debates.

The president of the Senate, Godswill Akpabio supports Monguno’s order and denied Senator Akpoti-Uduaghan the floor when she attempted to speak from her old seat.

In response to that, the Kogi lawmaker raised her voice, accusing the leadership of trying to silence her.

She stated that “I don’t care if I am silenced. I am not afraid of you. You have denied me my privilege”.

The standoff intensified when the Senate President directed the sergeant-at-arms to remove her.

However, with the help of some lawmakers calmness was restored, although Akpoti-Uduaghan stand firm in her refusal to move.

By Hadiza Abdulkadir 

Bayero University, Kano (BUK), has constituted a Task Force Committee to address challenges related to the production and issuance of students’ transcripts. 

The initiative responds to a recent outcry on social media from several former students and staff of the university. Its aim is now to convert all paper-based academic records into electronic format, thereby enhancing efficiency and accessibility.

The committee has scheduled a series of visits across various faculties, beginning with advocacy and sensitisation from January 17 to 21, 2025. 

Faculty-specific engagements will continue in phases until April 18, 2025, covering all academic units, including the College of Postgraduate Studies and Dangote Business School.

Ali Umar Yakasai, Chairman of the Task Force Committee, expressed confidence in the cooperation of faculty members to ensure a smooth digitisation process. 

The university management urges all stakeholders to support the initiative, which is expected to enhance students’ academic experience.

By Usman Mujtaba Shehu

The National Youth Service Corps scheme idea was to expedite contacts across cultural zones and bridge the cultural gaps, and surmount cultural stereotypes.

Being in an NYSC dress is a dream come true for me. Having visualized how it would feel or how I would look in it about two decades ago, I’m thrilled to experience it finally. When I was younger, I used to wear my father’s NYSC ceremonial shirt. Although it was oversized, the tip reaching my knee sparked my interest in the NYSC program.

The question isn’t just about the dress but about the experience and feeling of being a Corp member. That’s what many people long for. During the registration process, I didn’t encounter many hitches. The main challenge was the duration of my university program, which was prolonged due to the long ASUU strike and the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Apart from these two reasons, all the delays were natural, stemming from the nature of my school’s (ATBU) calendar. The NYSC registration, receiving my call-up number, and anticipating my state of deployment were challenging. I spent 13 hours in the CAFE in the queue waiting to be registered. Additionally, I waited several more hours to receive my call-up number and was eventually deployed to Dakin Gari Orientation Camp in Kebbi State.

When I saw the call-up letter, I was sad, and my mind wandered to the 1-day, almost 12-hour journey ahead. After arriving at Birnin Kebbi, I had to find a taxi to the camp, which was a struggle. It took me 4 hours to get a cab and another 2 hours to reach my destination. I arrived at the camp in the evening, around 5:30 pm. Luckily, the registration queue had been reduced, so I didn’t have to wait.

After checking my bag, I proceeded to the admin block for registration. I discovered my platoon from my state code, which was like a registration number. And from the last digit, I knew I was in platoon 4. I collected my meal ticket, which served as a food ID, and was given a mattress and bed space in the Boys’ Hostel (3).

After settling in, I attended another registration session conducted by the platoon officer. Once completed, I received a set of light-green khaki, the NYSC ceremonial shirt, an orange boot, a white cover shoe, a customized cap, and two pairs of short white trousers and shirts. I felt mixed emotions, reflecting on the future and how it would unfold.

Is it true that the orientation is difficult? In the NYSC Orientation Camp, you feel a sense of belonging regardless of your background or who you are. This is rooted in the NYSC act and the orientation design, which aligns with their motto of “humility and service.” The process is humbling, bringing together people from diverse tribes, such as Yoruba, Hausa, Igbo, Ebra, Tiv, and Fulani.

Religious activities are also accommodated, with three Christian prayer points and one mosque. This allows Corp members to practice their faith without discrimination.

The sense of togetherness is reinforced by the uniform dress code, which includes white shirts and trousers, customized shirts with NYSC alphabets emblazoned on the front, and khaki trousers with boots and customized caps for ceremonies. Trust among Corp members develops quickly as they view themselves as similar or familiar, united by their platoons.

Platoons unite Corp members, and my platoon (platoon 4) leader, a Yoruba from Lagos, exemplified this unity. With 10 platoons, each comprising over 100 Corp members from different states, backgrounds, languages, and cultures, we were united under a shared platoon identity designed by NYSC to foster unity and patriotism.

People tend to trust those within their in-group, and belonging is a primal instinct. When Corp members display attitudes, beliefs, or platoon membership, others tend to like and trust them more. My response to lowering the Nigerian flag every 6:00 pm still amazes me. Every activity would come to a halt when the trumpet was blown.

My new identity became my platoon. I made new friends across all platoons, but Platoon 4 became like family. Competitions were organized to strengthen bonds within platoons. I participated in the football competition and cheered for my platoon in the parade competition, cooking, cultural dance (Edo Dance), and other events.

I attended over 30 lectures and sensitization sessions with my platoon, covering education, health, relocation, finances, and more topics. I only separated from my platoon during the Skill Acquisition and Entrepreneurship Development (SAED) launch. Corp members were allowed to choose their training. I attended and listened to about 30 lectures and sensitization sessions with my platoon. The lectures cover almost all areas, including education, health, relocation, finances, etc.

That was how we were shared with eight different skills Acquisition classes. I chose ICT and learned basic Data analysis and graphic design using pixels.

The orientation is rigorous and tedious. But when I reflect on the whole objective of the NYSC initiative itself, it’s worth it. It’s not a pointless activity but a scheme meant to instil discipline, love of country, and love of one another. As mentioned in the national anthem: ‘Though tribes and tongue may differ, in brotherhood we stand’.

Usman Mujtaba Shehu wrote via usmanmujtabashehu@gmail.com.

By Sabiu Abdullahi

The Nigeria Police Force has taken disciplinary action against several officers, resulting in dismissals, demotions, and other sanctions for offenses ranging from extortion to murder.

According to a police wireless message dated January 23, 2025, 19 officers have been dismissed and are set to face prosecution.

Their cases have been referred to the Commissioner of Police (CP) Legal at the Force Headquarters for legal proceedings.

Among those dismissed are ASP Ogunmuyiwa Saburi, ASP Idris Dan-Auta, CSP Pascal Ugocha, SP Yakubu Hankuri, DSP Mohammed S. Jahun, DSP Ayodele Emmanuel, and DSP Jimmy Ayeni.

Additionally, ASP Abdullahi Garba is facing prosecution for murder and culpable homicide, highlighting the severity of the allegations against some officers.

Beyond dismissals, 24 officers have been demoted due to professional misconduct.

This includes ACP Mohammed Aminu, who has been reduced to CSP, and CSP Helen Ajuma Negedu, now ranked SP.

Others, such as SP Bello Aliyu and SP Ehimen Paul, have been downgraded to DSP, while several ASPs have been demoted to the rank of Inspector.

The report also revealed that 10 officers received severe reprimands, including ACP Muhamad Auwal Yunusa, ACP Kalat Shamang, and CSP Nwanchor Emmanuel.

Additionally, nine officers were officially reprimanded for various infractions, among them DCP Mohammed A. Jika and CSP Mathew Omosun.

Other disciplinary measures included the demobilization of ASP Emmanuel Kura from the Police Mobile Force (PMF) and a directive for DSP Hauwa Kulu Sulaiman to refund nine days of salary.

Furthermore, DSP Ayuk Tachen was surcharged for the loss of a firearm.However, not all officers faced sanctions.

DCP Coker Olalekan James was exonerated after investigations cleared him of any wrongdoing.

This latest disciplinary action notes the Nigeria Police Force’s zero-tolerance policy on misconduct and its commitment to accountability within the ranks.