By Uzair Adam
Media Rights Agenda (MRA) has expressed deep concern over what it described as a sharp rise in attacks on media freedom and civic expression in Nigeria, particularly the misuse of the Cybercrime Act by law enforcement agencies to intimidate and penalize journalists and government critics.
The concern was raised in a mid-term assessment report of President Bola Tinubu’s administration released on Monday.
Titled “The Onslaught Intensifies: A Mid-term Assessment Report on Media Freedom under the Tinubu Administration,” the report documents 141 cases of attacks on journalists, media workers, and citizens between May 29, 2023, and May 29, 2025, for peacefully expressing their views on issues such as governance, economic challenges, and security.
According to MRA, 61 of these incidents—representing over 43%—were carried out by personnel of the Nigeria Police, while the Department of State Services (DSS) was responsible for seven cases.
Together, the two agencies accounted for nearly half of all recorded violations.
The report held the Tinubu-led government responsible for these abuses, citing Principle 20(5) of the Declaration of Principles on Freedom of Expression and Access to Information in Africa, which holds states accountable for violations committed by law enforcement and other state actors against media practitioners.
In the report’s preface, MRA’s Executive Director, Edetaen Ojo, highlighted the use of repressive laws like the Cybercrime Act to suppress journalists, alongside politically motivated sanctions, arbitrary arrests, surveillance, and censorship of government-owned media outlets.
Ojo described the report as a necessary intervention amid growing threats to Nigeria’s democratic values, stressing that its goal is not just to criticize but to document and analyze the government’s impact on freedom of expression.
Among the report’s most troubling revelations is the continued abuse of Section 24 of the Cybercrime Act (2015), which has been frequently used to arrest, detain, and prosecute journalists and social media users for online expressions deemed critical of the government.
The report documented several such cases, including the arrests of Emmanuel Uti of the Foundation for Investigative Journalism (FIJ), blogger Destiny Ekhorutomuen in Edo State, four staff members of Informant247 in Kwara State, lawyer and activist Dele Farotimi, and others who faced harsh bail conditions or prolonged detention.
MRA noted that international concern over the misuse of the Act reached a peak in June 2025, when the Heads of Mission of the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Norway, and Finland issued a joint statement condemning the Nigerian government’s abuse of the law and calling for urgent reforms.
The report also criticized the government’s treatment of peaceful protests as criminal acts, pointing out cases where even minors were charged with treason—a capital offence—for simply demonstrating.
Journalists covering such protests were often brutalized, detained, or had their equipment confiscated or destroyed, with no perpetrators brought to justice.
Commenting on the report’s release, MRA’s Communications Officer, Idowu Adewale, described it as troubling that President Tinubu—once a pro-democracy activist and media proprietor—is now at the helm of an administration increasingly defined by repression.
The organization called on all stakeholders, including media professionals, civil society, the judiciary, the legislature, and international partners, to pressure the Nigerian government into enacting reforms that protect media freedom, free expression, and democratic principles.