Opinion

Baffa Kabiru Gwadabe, PhD

When I first saw the news, I was overwhelmed by the efforts of Mr. Cardoso as the apex Bank Governor trying to stabilize the Naira. In the news cover, it was reported that “the Presidency has warned Forex speculators to discard their Dollars, saying that the Naira will soon appreciate”. But the above statement was said to be made by the President Bola Tinubu’s Special Adviser on Information and Strategy, Mr. Bayo Onanuga, through his Twitter (now X) handle on Thursday 21 March, 2024.

Mr. Onanuga urged Dollar speculators to quickly dump their Dollars to avoid ‘tears’ that may ensue after continued appreciation of the Naira. Mr. Onanuga was reacting to the recent disclosure by the CBN that it had cleared $7 billion foreign exchange backlog inherited by the Bank.

The development was confirmed by the CBN’s Acting Director, Corporate Communications, Mrs. Hakama Sidi Ali. According to her, the CBN had employed the services of Deloitte consult as an independent audit company to judiciously assess the forex backlog claims and all valid claims based on the recommendations of the company were settled by the Bank. She further indicated that all invalid claims or transactions were referred to the relevant authorities for further investigation.

Similarly, the above efforts, coupled with others such as the seeming ‘credibility of the CBN’ in keeping to its policies have made the Naira to appreciate to some levels and also to the rise in Nigeria’s foreign reserve to $34.11 billion early this month, which is almost the highest recorded since the last 8 months. This is welcoming for Nigeria as import-dependent economy and led Mr. Onanuga to talk to speculators in his tone of ‘Dump Your Dollars’. The ‘dumping of the Dollars’ is my point of entry from which I want to make some remarks.

Let me start by saying or informing Mr. Onanuga that the Dollar crisis in Nigeria is beyond speculations. To a greater extent, it is an issue of ‘store of wealth or value’ using the Forex, specifically the US Dollar. Many Nigerians that had the opportunity of accumulation of ‘large wealth’, try their ways in ‘safe-keeping’ same by converting certain amounts of Naira to the Dollar or other major currencies like the Euro, the Sterling Pounds etc. This has remained the practice in the country and has reached the extent of what I called the ‘unconscious journey’ or the ‘hardened behaviour’ of not seeing the Naira as any promising currency that is stable. In other words, the Naira will always keep depreciating.

With the kinds of policy efforts by the CBN and the Federal Government, this behaviour or trend may have its last gate. What I am saying, in short, is that the practice of scouting and safe-keeping of the Dollar at whatever rate to keep in ‘graveyards’, ‘underground safe-tanks’, ‘security safes’, ‘travelling bags or brief cases’, ‘laundering overseas’ and ‘deposits in commercial banks’ to mention but a few storage strategies of the Dollars may be curtailed.

I now ask some questions regarding the calls for ‘dumping’ by Mr. Onanuga. If Nigerians that had scouted and stored the Dollars were to repent and bring out some or all of their stored Dollars, where should they dump them? Is the dumping ground ‘safe’ without creating a new round of speculations and corruption? Are the dumpers ‘safe’ from stigmatization and punishment? Are the dumping sites going to be the CBN like during the New-Old Naira notes swap, the commercial banks or the BDCs or new hubs? Will the Dollar holders be allowed to spend the Dollars domestically for their transactions? The questions are many and could go on and on, but I stopped at just number 5, as other people may ask some more questions.

For some of the questions asked above, the answers may be very clear, just like the water colour in the day time. All that is needed in answering those questions is for the CBN and the Presidency to be more proactive and strategic enough in handling the long-standing crisis of the Dollar. This is just to say that there is a better need for change of strategies and operations.

The duo should greatly be reminded of the popular saying that ‘once-beaten, twice shy’. I hope to focus specifically on providing only 2 answers based on my little understanding and focus of the rejoinder, the ‘dumping of the Dollar’ and the ‘domestic spending of the Dollar (dollarization)’.

The dumping should strictly be accommodated by the CBN and new accredited dealers or service providers that are trustworthy other than commercial banks or the BDCs. The commercial banks and the BDCs had been tried and tested at different times and different exchange rate regimes but have failed in their own domains. For instance, most commercial banks hoard, receive bribes, kick-backs, brokering or profit from the CBN official Dollar allocations, thereby further widening the gap between the official rate and the black-market rates.

For the BDCs, they are the agents, on many occasions, that served as the foot-soldiers in scouting and mopping-off all the available Dollars in the market with huge Naira for their clients and launder same in some instances.

Additionally, the Binance crypto market speculations of the rates appeared to be new in the perpetuation of Dollar atrocities in the country but still cannot be ignored.

On the answer to the question of spending the stored Dollar domestically, the answer is a resounding yes. Those with Dollar currencies in their possession should be allowed to transact at accredited points and this will ensure more liquidity of the Dollar domestically and reduce demand pressure to squash undue speculations and arbitraging. Allowing the Dollar to co-exist with the Naira in the domestic economy at reasonable scale is called ‘partial dollarization’. This is important because the Dollar in Nigeria based on the recent happenings and the CBN’s approaches is ‘strangled’, ‘suffocated’, ‘compressed’, and ‘thirsted’ for the Naira. So, what the Dollar now needs the most include but not limited to ‘some breath’, ‘exit-doors’, ‘chimneys’, ‘exhausts’ and ‘water’. So, Mr. Onanuga, the issue is not only about the ‘dumping’ but the provision of ‘sustainable dumping sites or exit-doors or chimneys for the strangulated Dollar’.

Moreover, I know some economists and others will question the very proposal of ‘partial dollarization’ of Nigeria, where Dollar will be used as a medium of exchange in addition to the Naira. Their major argument will be that the ‘partial dollarization’ will jeopardize Nigeria’s CBN monetary policy autonomy, because the CBN has no control over the Dollars that will be in circulation in the country. This is very true but with proper monitoring of the inflationary trends, this can be dealt with but it is good that I remind my colleagues in Economics of the concept of ‘unholy trinity’; where it is practically not possible to control the trinity at the same time. The unholy trinity is made up of the fixed exchange rate regime, independent monetary policy and free capital movement (see Figueredo et al., 2023).

Therefore, dollarization is necessary for Nigeria as it has already been practiced in many countries in the World and is one of the hidden secrets for their stable exchange rate systems or regimes. For those that visit countries such as the UK, US, Turkey, UAE, China, Germany, Saudi, Japan etc, they find at the airports currency exchange boots to convert currencies at ease and also realize at some hotels and malls or restaurants, price menus being quoted in 2 or more currencies for one to choose. Therefore, Nigeria should start its own journey.

On a final note, let me make little summary in bullet points to fine-tune the statement by Mr Onanuga that says ‘Dump Your Dollars’ but the ‘dump’ should be in this order:

• Dump your Dollars with the CBN at its various State offices and Headquarters;
• Dump with new aggregators to be approved by the CBN for onward submission to the CBN at a much regulated and controlled service charges;
• Dumpers or depositors of the Dollars must not have domiciliary accounts but for those that have one, part of the amounts could be lodged into the accounts;
• Domiciliary accounts in Nigeria need to be reviewed with a view to embracing the best global practice for the stability of the Naira;
• There should be authorized currency exchange boots at major International airports in the country for small exchanges, like buying and selling of not more than $1,000 or so for travelers in and out of the country.
  For the case of ‘partial dollarization’, the following are recommended:
• Real estate or physical assets and automobile dealings could be accredited to receive Dollars under stipulated guidelines and this will ease their trouble scouting for Dollars for their imports;
• Major shopping malls and stores, restaurants, hotels/suites, hospitals (private), pharmacies, schools (private and all categories) should be accredited to receive Dollars under the CBN stipulated guidelines;
• Entertainment industry and certain concerts in major cities of Nigeria such as Lagos, Kaduna, Abuja, Portharcourt, Benin, Kano, etc should be allowed to receive Dollars for their gate fee charges under the CBN stipulated guidelines.

Thank you and see you next time.

Dr. Gwadabe (Baffa) is an academic staff of Bayero University Kano, Nigeria, from the Department of Economics. He can be reached at: bkabirugwadabe@gmail.com

By Aisha Musa Auyo

I know this is coming in late, but better late than never, huh? Ramadan is a sacred month that is supposed to be dedicated to fasting, Quranic recitation, prayers, sadaqah, etc. But part of that ibadah comes with a lot of cooking and eating.

Ramadan is synonymous with a delicious variety of dishes—a paradox, right? That’s why many media stations and content creators dedicate time, energy, and resources to Ramadan dishes and treats.

Women are more often on the receiving end of this cooking duty during Ramadan. This has been the tradition since time immemorial, so we cannot change it, but we can create ways that will help us adapt, manage, and not be overwhelmed by it. We can make it beneficial and more rewarding.

First and foremost, cook with the intention of getting rewarded, not to impress your man, the family, or his friends. That gender may not even say thank you, sannu da aiki, abincin yayi dadi, or even Allah Ya miki albarka. But if your intention is to get rewarded by Allah, you are sure to have that reward. Innamal a’amaalu binniyati.

Know that whoever feeds a fasting person receives an immense reward. The Prophet (PBUH) said, “He who feeds a fasting person will have a reward like that of the fasting person, without any reduction in his reward.” (Tirmidhi) This applies to the one who buys the food as well as the one who cooks the food.

When it comes to tafsir, Ramadan lectures, and the like, technology has made things easier for us. You can listen to live or recorded programs on your phone, wherever you are in the world, while you’re cooking or cleaning. You can listen to Quranic recitation too; you can do lots of dhikr and istighfar while doing most chores. Try not to miss out on this.

If you have the means, give out sadaqah in cash and in kind, especially food and water. That will fetch you an immense reward. In the end, it’s the reward we are aiming for, so the end justifies the means.

If you are fortunate enough to have electricity, you can devote your weekends to making pepper soups, stews, and juices. Then, freeze them, which will make cooking easier for the rest of the week. Also, make use of food processors and other appliances that will simplify your work.

Make use of processed foods as much as you can afford. For example, if you want to make tiger nut drink, buy tiger nut powder from Auyo’s Cuisines. This will make your work faster and easier, and you will have the energy for Tarawih. Other processed foods that are much needed for Ramadan are ground peppers, ground kuli, masa premix, and garin kunu, all of which are available and affordable at Auyo’s Cuisines.

Making a weekly food timetable ahead of time helps a lot. Thinking about what to cook is very draining; knowing what to cook is like finishing half the work.

Seek help; don’t try to do everything yourself. Engage the kids and hire someone to help you, even if it’s just for the month. Going to the market will drain you and waste your time; find someone to help you with that from time to time.

You see that Zirkr our Prophet gave his daughter when she asked for servants, Subhanallah, walhamdulillah, and wallWallahar, don’t joke with it before you sleep, you need it now, more than ever.

Try to hydrate a lot during the non-fasting hours. Don’t be too exhausted to eat; you need health and energy more than anyone.

As much as you can, avoid social media, movies, useless chit-chats, and worldly distractions. You will have ample time for that after Ramadan. This month is sacred and only comes once a year. The Prophet said, “Verily, Gabriel came to me and he said: Whoever reaches the month of Ramadan and he is not forgiven, then he will enter Hellfire and Allah will cast him far away,”.

The Prophet peace be upon him also said, that a loser is the one who witnessed Ramadan and didn’t earn Allah’s pardon. A loser is one who’s despaired of Allah’s mercy. A loser lets time pass by procrastinating good deeds. A loser is the one who loses the reward of his fasting to mere hunger and thirst.

My fellow women, try to be on your best behavior this month. Try not to be a loser. As a woman, know that you will sleep less than anyone else in the house, but it’s okay; that’s your part of the sacrifice. Men go out to work too; some men work under the scorching sun. Some men’s work involves hard labor, harder than what you do at home. Some men, even though they work under AC, have pressures and issues they need to solve, which is also very difficult and draining.

Over to you, my brother. If you can afford it, please get some domestic help for your wife. She needs it, especially this month. If not someone who will help in the kitchen, find someone who will help with the shopping and outdoor activities.

If you want to bring people for iftar, do so in moderation. She is only human with two hands.

If you want to feed many people, employ ‘Mai kosai da kunu’ for that project. Many people need the job and the extra money that comes with it. Allow your wife to handle the family’s iftar. Allah Ya biya ka da aljanna.

Bro, I know you’re working hard to provide, but a kind word, a prayer, a gift (in cash or in kind) will make your woman feel appreciated and loved. It won’t kill you.

My fellow women, know that all this work you are doing might not be possible if your man were not providing the food and resources. Appreciate him, encourage him, and respect him. You are not the only one working hard.

But if you are the woman of the house and also the one providing for the household, know that only Allah SWT can help and reward you. I cannot explain or tell you how to manage your time, but I know you are incredible, and in sha Allah, you will enjoy the fruits of your labor, here and in the hereafter.

If you are a son or daughter still living with your parents, know that you also have roles to play. These roles can range from helping with meal preparation and cleaning to running errands and greeting your parents when they return home from work. Praying for your parents is also an important act of worship.

If you are earning money, buy fruits, vegetables, or gifts for your parents and siblings.

Guy, before you shamelessly take a Ramadan basket or kayan sallah to your girlfriend, who may not even marry you, do so for your parents first. It will be more rewarding for you.

Girl, before you shamelessly invite that stingy boyfriend of yours for iftar with your parents’ cefane, make sure you are always helping out with the cooking and cleaning; it will be more rewarding for you. Don’t be a lazy girl and then an active one when your guy is coming for iftar.

Dear couples, as much as I know you are tired, don’t ignore za oza room ibada during this month. It is very rewarding, it enhances mood and offers benefits for physical and psychological health including lowering stress, improving sleep, and boosting immune function.

Experts say the hour before suhoor is the best during Ramadan. By then, couples are well-rested, and they will be waking up for suhoor anyway.

Let me stop here. May Allah accept our ibadah. May He give us the health and wealth to perform this ibadah to the best of our abilities. May Allah make us among the servants who will be freed at the end of this month. May He forgive our shortcomings, and may all our prayers and wishes be granted. May we witness many more Ramadans in good health and wealth.

Aisha Musa Auyo is a Doctoral researcher in Educational Psychology, a wife, and a mother of three. She is a homemaker, caterer, and parenting/relationship coach.

By Ismaila Academician

Have you ever noticed that some pillars don’t stand upright, some dresses don’t fit well, and some bathroom tiles slope in the wrong direction, requiring sweeping after use?

The underlying cause is often a lack of passion among the professionals who create them. While they may appear cheerful and enthusiastic on the front end, their motivation primarily stems from financial gains attached rather than genuine passion from the back end. Passion is the driving force to perfection. It is the pacesetter towards excellence and success.

In the Western world, passion is evident in how professionals, artisans, and experts discharge their duties. They work not just to earn a living but also for a sense of fulfilment. It motivates them to innovate and develop new ideas, leading to the creation of products and services that are nothing short of perfect. Overall, it makes their countries grow and stay afloat no matter the storm. 

Nigeria is blessed with a wealth of talents. We have the potential to innovate and develop new ideas—products and services that can compete favourably with those made abroad. But that talent remains unutilised.

A close look at the Facebook Reels section reveals that while Western and Eastern individuals are busy advertising their talents and sharing innovative ideas, Nigerians are often preoccupied with sharing content such as elegant weddings, club sessions, presidential convoys, and comedies. While these are not inherently bad, they do not reflect the depth of our creativity and innovation.

Social media is a powerful tool that can help us showcase our skills to a large and diverse audience. We can attract potential customers, business partners, investors, or employers. It also can help us build reputation, credibility, and influence. We need to craft a better narrative for Nigeria. We need to showcase our creativity and innovation. We need to display our knowledge and skills to inspire and motivate others.

In conclusion, the journey from passion to perfection is a transformative one. It requires passion. As Nigerians, we have what it takes to embark on this journey. We have what it takes to bridge the gap between local and foreign products. We have what it takes to craft a better narrative for Nigeria. All we need to do is to harness our potential and channel it towards the pursuit of perfection. But passion can’t do the work alone. We need to supplement our passion with action – creativity and innovation.

Remember, ideas develop the world, and people are willing to bring these ideas to life. Let’s be those people. Let’s make Nigeria a better place.

Ismaila Abdulmumini wrote from Kano, Nigeria, via ismailaacademician@gmail.com.

By Ishaka Mohammed

Apart from a business trip to Enugu within 24 hours, I’ve spent all my life in northern Nigeria, but it was in 2014 that I learnt that “Arewa” means “North”. In fact, I had once referred to the word as the name of a bloodsucking occult society, thanks to rumour-mongers.

As children, my peers and I heard about “Ogbenu” (occultists who sucked children’s blood). Although the “bloodsuckers” were believed to be far away from our land, we were constantly warned to avoid them.

We received one of such warnings around 2003 or 2004, when a new brand of notebook was generating massive sales in our village.

The cover of the book had an inscription, “The great people of the great land…the people of Arewa land,” and featured pictures of some men wearing Hausa traditional attire on horses. It was rumoured that the men were Ogbenu, so writing in the book would drain one’s blood, while exhausting all pages would cause death.

Consequently, as some children and I avoided the book, various others destroyed the copies they already had. The brand disappeared from our community.

For the sake of context, I’m from Inye, a village in Ankpa Local Government Area of Kogi State, and I was a pupil at Engineer Bob Alfa Primary School (EBAPS), Ojuwo-Inye, at the time of the incident.

If a single rumour could be that effective by mere word of mouth, imagine how damaging it could be in this age of digital revolution. 

You have the right to review products or services but be fair to brands and companies. Business owners struggle for the survival of their establishments, so it’s wicked to ruin their efforts. A single sentence could make or break an establishment. Business owners are also human beings, so they deserve fairness. 

Nonetheless, whoever wants to be obstinate should either be ready to provide sufficient evidence or ask one Chioma Egodi Jnr. A single Facebook post and some comments about Nagiko Tomato Mix forced Erisco Foods Limited to deal with her. Deleting the post didn’t help matters, as the company involved the law and insisted that she prove her claims about the product.

Some people have argued that the company overreacted, but I think otherwise: she deserved what she got.

Ishaka Mohammed can be reached via ishakamohammed39@gmail.com.

By Ibrahim Adamu Ingawa

In the vast expanse of Nigeria’s Katsina State, beneath the scorching sun and amidst the sporadic rains, a silent predator lurks, imperiling the health and well-being of its inhabitants. Climate change, though often overlooked, poses a formidable threat to public health in Katsina State, catalyzing the emergence and spread of infectious diseases at an alarming rate.

In recent years, the fingerprints of climate change have become increasingly evident, leaving behind a trail of devastation in its wake. From the bustling streets of Dutsin-Ma to the tranquil valleys of Bakori, the impacts of rising temperatures and erratic rainfall patterns are unmistakable, reshaping the landscape of disease transmission in profound ways.

Take, for instance, the surge in malaria cases that swept through Dutsin-Ma Local Government Area in 2019. Heavy rainfall and flooding provided the perfect breeding grounds for disease-carrying mosquitoes, resulting in over 500 confirmed cases within a month. Similarly, the parched earth of Kankia Town bore witness to a cholera outbreak in 2017, fueled by drought conditions and inadequate sanitation infrastructure, claiming the lives of several hundred individuals.

But the toll of climate change extends beyond the realm of vector-borne diseases, reaching deep into the fabric of public health in Katsina State. The specter of Lassa fever loomed large over Bakori Local Government Area in 2016, as changing climatic conditions facilitated the spread of this deadly virus, leaving a trail of devastation in its wake. Meanwhile, in Funtua, rising temperatures and increased mosquito activity paved the way for a dengue fever outbreak in 2015, further exacerbating the burden of disease in the region.

Yet, perhaps the most poignant manifestation of climate change’s impact on public health lies in the floods that ravaged Jibia in 2018. As torrential rains inundated the town, turning streets into rivers and homes into islands, a silent menace took root. Stagnant floodwaters became breeding grounds for disease vectors, leading to a surge in malaria cases and exacerbating the plight of already vulnerable communities.

In addition to the visible impacts on infectious disease outbreaks, climate change is also facilitating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Katsina State, thereby exacerbating public health challenges. The rising temperatures and erratic rainfall patterns create favorable conditions for the proliferation of resistant bacteria, as well as the emergence of new strains which are resistant to the drugs that are meant to kill them. Increased use of antimicrobial agents in response to climate-related infectious disease outbreaks further contributes to the selection pressure driving AMR. This alarming synergy between climate change and AMR underscores the urgent need for comprehensive strategies to address both phenomena and safeguard the health of Katsina State’s population.

Despite the magnitude of these challenges, hope remains on the horizon. Armed with knowledge and skills I acquired in addressing the most pressing issues of public health over the past few years, I am committed to leveraging my expertise to develop innovative interventions aimed at tackling the consequences of climate change on infectious disease outbreaks in Katsina State. From outbreak preparedness and prevention to the implementation of robust control mechanisms, I am zealous in my determination to contribute in safeguarding the health and well-being of my fellow citizens at the Home of Hospitality. But my journey has not been without its obstacles.

Since my return from the United Kingdom after my internship at the world-leading genomics research institute (the Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge), there has been interference from certain elements, which has impeded my ability to implement meaningful change. Yet, in the face of adversity, my resolve remains unshaken, fueled by a burning desire to make a tangible difference in the lives of those most affected by the ravages of climate change in my dear State.

The impacts of climate change on infectious disease outbreaks represent just one facet of the multifaceted challenges confronting the public health milieu of my beloved State. I remain resolute in my commitment to driving forward the positive transformation of Katsina State’s public health sector. Anticipating the opportunity to deploy my skills and expertise, I stand ready and poised to seize it at any moment.

As I look towards the future, I am filled with optimism, knowing that together, we can overcome the challenges posed by climate change on ever-increasing infectious disease outbreak and forge a path towards a healthier, more resilient Katsina State. I believe that through collaboration, innovation, and unwavering determination, we can turn the tide against this invisible threat and pave the way for a brighter, healthier tomorrow.

Ibrahim Adamu (Ingawa) writes from Katsina State. He’s a
Project Grantee at The Foundation to Prevent Antibiotic Resistance (Sweden). He can be reached via ibrahimassalafee@gmail.com/ +2348134386907

 By Muhsin Ibrahim

Procrastination affects not only writers but also people from almost all walks of life. We all have tasks to do. However, due to procrastination, we keep saying that we will do them later again and again until the time is gone.

When I was writing my dissertation, I struggled with procrastination. I often put off writing, thinking I could do it later. This led to a lot of stress and anxiety as deadlines approached. However, I was determined to find a solution. I tried different techniques, such as setting strict deadlines for myself and breaking up my work into smaller, more manageable tasks. Eventually, I found a solution that worked for me.

I was reading a book with a ‘funny’ title: The Subtle Art of Not Giving a F*ck, when I found the following:

‘When I was in high school, my math teacher, Mr. Packwood, used to say, “If you’re stuck on a problem, don’t sit there and think about it; just start working on it. Even if you don’t know what you’re doing, the simple act of working on it will eventually cause the right ideas to show up in your head.’ (Manson 2016, p. 109).

I printed out the page and hung it in my room. I highlighted the above and another line. So much like the author, whenever I open my computer, a voice from within tells me to write something, not just to sit there.

Don’t hesitate to jot down your thoughts; the longer you wait, the more likely they will evaporate. Instead, take action and write! Remember, you can always revise, edit, and refine your ideas later. So go ahead and let your creativity flow without hesitation.

So, in Manson’s words, “Don’t just sit there. Do something. The answers will follow.” Do it in no haste, but don’t keep delaying it. Writing is unlike a speech; there’s almost always a time to revisit what you have written.

Dr Muhsin Ibrahim writes from Cologne, Germany and can be reached via muhsin2008@gmail.com

By Tajuddeen Ahmad Tijjani

The country has sadly, in recent times, witnessed pockets of protests and widespread agitation over the rising cost of living and skyrocketing prices of foodstuffs.

“In the past few weeks, residents of Kano, Ogun, Niger, and Oyo States have taken to the streets to protest the high cost of living caused by spiralling inflation in the country.”

In times of desperation, especially when our leaders are too much for themselves and care less for those they govern, calling for them to sacrifice while at the same time living flamboyantly at the expense of society, however, when basic needs like food and shelter too often become scarce, individuals may resort to extreme measures to survive. Looting, particularly of public goods or food supplies, usually occurs under the guise of hunger, with perpetrators justifying their actions as necessary for survival. 

While the act may stem from a genuine need, its consequences extend far beyond the immediate acquisition of goods. No one can deny the fact that we’re having a trying time as a country. However, this should not justify the unfortunate events happening in the country. It’s a crying shame people are taking laws into their own hands at a time when we need all hands on deck to surmount the pervasive insecurity in the land. 

Firstly, we should remember that looting undermines social order and exacerbates existing societal inequalities. When individuals or groups resort to looting goods belonging to marketers or producers, they bypass established systems of fairness, creating unnecessary chaos and insecurity in society. This erodes trust in institutions and undermines the rule of law, leading to further social unrest and instability. No one can tell where we are headed as a country of diversity. Moreover, looting disproportionately affects the sense of reason, exacerbating social disorder and perpetuating cycles of poverty.

However, we all lamented the current economic hardship facing the country resulting from inflation caused by the federal government’s policies. However, the consensus among the average Nigerian is that the current administration deliberately inflicts misery and poverty on the citizens, though they keep telling us that tough decisions are necessary, which usually bring about good things in the future. But not in the case of Nigeria. Where reversed is the case in some instances.

Moreover, the psychological impact of looting cannot be overstated. Communities already reeling from the effects of poverty, conflict, or natural disasters are further traumatised by the breakdown of social order and the loss of trust in their fellow citizens. As a matter of urgency and necessity, the government, traditional rulers, and community leaders shouldcome out boldly condemning and discouraging the recent looting of people’s goods. Silence can lead to hopelessness and despair, exacerbating social tensions and hindering progress. We can’t continue this way as a civilised society that is expected to move forward in the community of the nation. 

Furthermore, looting undermines efforts to build a resilient and sustainable nation by depleting public trust and damaging societal value. 

While looting public goods under the guise of hunger may seem like a desperate act of survival, its consequences are far-reaching and detrimental to society. From undermining social order and exacerbating inequalities to hampering economic growth, however, I appeal to the government to stand by its responsibility in Addressing the root causes of poverty and inequality, strengthening social safety nets, and promoting sustainable development are essential steps in mitigating the desperation that drives individuals to resort to looting in times of crisis.

The widening gap between average Nigerians and those in government is too broad; policies that would make all Nigerians feel the impact of leadership should be implemented.

Therefore, I appeal to all those in authority and philosophies to educate society and allow them to understand their boundaries. The government should create an environment that offers the larger population a sense of belonging and shun all violent acts undermining constituted authority. After all, if Nigerians strive in various endeavours, the government will have a smooth way of implementing its policies to benefit all.

Tajuddeen Ahmad Tijjani Writes from Galadima Mahmoud Street, Kasuwar Kaji Azare, Bauchi State.

By Dr Zakariyya Shu’aib Adam

Last week, I had a pre-Ramadan lecture session with Muslim Health Students at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. I reiterated the merits of the four most important acts of ibadah in Ramadān: fasting, recitation of Qur’ān, night prayers, and feeding the needy. I also emphasized how, as students, we can make judicious use of our stay in the university during Ramadān.

Contrary to the mainstream notion, observing fasting in the university is scrupulously enchanting and divinely pleasing. In this piece, I want to write some of the points I mentioned in that session for the benefit of a larger audience. It is worth noting that I drew most of what I said from my experience as a former university student who stayed on campus.

Although fasting is physically exhausting, particularly for a university student who, in most cases, lacks sufficient foodstuff for suhoor (pre-dawn meal) and iftār, it can quietly serve as a pathway that provides students with immense opportunities to connect heartily with their Lord.

During Ramadān, affluent students often use to invite the indigents for suhoor and iftār. You mustn’t cook food before you eat. Moreover, the Muslim Students’ Society of Nigeria [MSSN] sometimes obtains funds from the Sokoto State Government and Muslim lecturers to purchase all that is needed for Iftār. In such circumstances, students usually gather in a hall and break their fasts in what was popularly known as “Tarāsoo” (the word was gotten from the state of closely and neatly joining legs in a congregational prayer).

I haven’t observed a more composed Tarāweeh that is full of tranquillity and serenity like the one we used to observe in school. Specifically, in Tora Bora Masjid, we used to read one page in each raka’ah of Tarāweeh and spend an average of an hour. The congregation was very large. Retrospectively, the Imāms there recited with melodious voices that would touch hearts. There were brief admonishments between every four raka’ah. We were always happy observing this prayer.

When it was the last ten days of Ramadān, many students would be in the mosque for Iʿtikāf (seclusion in the mosque for the purpose of worship, especially the last ten days of Ramadān). Those performing Iʿtikāf receive food from Tarāsoo and from their friends who aren’t staying in the mosque. They constantly recite the noble Qur’ān during that period. In a nutshell, they devote themselves to all kinds of ibadah for a period of ten days.

During Tahajjud (night prayers), we had more than enough Imāms because there were many memorizers of the Qur’ān among us. The ruku’uh and sujood were almost as lengthy as the qiyām (standing). We were given a chance to make prayers to Allāh in sujood because it’s the closest moment a servant is to his Lord. Most university dignitaries attended such ibadāt with us. They relate with us with humility and demureness. This played a role in reducing the imaginary hiatus between students and lecturers.

Females, too, were given special consideration. A portion of the mosque was dedicated to them to observe I’tikāf. Everything they needed was provided to make their stay delightful. When it was time for Tahajjud, they made rows in the mosque and observed prayers with males. There was a question-and-answer session every night, usually organized by experts in Islamic jurisprudence among the I’tikāf members.

I am neither trying to portray my stay in the university during Ramadān as Shangri-la nor am I being utopian. Notwithstanding the aforementioned, some students do not participate in these ibaadāts. They instead go to the female hostels and spend time with their inamoratas. It seems as though they prefer worldly pleasure to the everlasting one. In some instances, they often present what they call Ramadān baskets to these inamoratas, thereby engaging in prodigality.

Others spend much time in social gatherings. You mostly see them chitchatting about politics and entertainment. They burn calories in debating about football. Champions League matches used to be on the night at the exact time of Tarāweeh. Therefore, big boys won’t attend the night prayers. Females, too, weren’t left out. They commit themselves to watching Korean TV series and Indian love movies. Their role models used to be Lee Min-Ho, Lee Min-Jung and Aishwarya Rai.

I entreat you not to be like these students. Be steadfast in your ibādah. Remember that Ramadān is made up of either 29 or 30 days. If the month elapses, you may not necessarily live to witness another Ramadān. Stay in the circle of pious friends. Never befriend anyone that doesn’t help you in your studies or doesn’t add to your religiosity. Devoted servants in Ramadān are rewarded in multiple, so also the transgressors – their punishment is multiplied.

Lastly, I narrate this to settle the nerves of students who are unhappy with their stay in the university during Ramadān. I, admittedly, was unhappy in school in my first year. Subsequently, it became apparent to me that I could turn that cheerless moment to my advantage. I doubt if, in the nearest future, I can have enough time I dedicated to myself for ibadāh in Ramadān as I had in the school. So, make good use of your stay in school during Ramadān while you are still a student. You may not have much time if you graduate.

Dr Zakariyya Shu’aib Adam is a serving corp member with Area Veterinary Clinic, Argungu, Kebbi State. He graduated from Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. He can be reached via: zakariyyashuaib2020@gmail.com.

By Salihi Adamu Takai

Contemporary political singers are known for the satirical content of most of their songs. Political songs are very descriptive of invective barbs, innuendos, and allusions. They are primarily meant to satirise opponents. Rarara’s invective style in his music can be the worst political song depicting invective barbs nowadays.

Tijjani Gandu is an exceptional political singer who uses minimal invective barbs. His songs are mostly for a one-sided party or his godfathers. Gandu is known for the centralised theme of his songs. He mostly only focuses on the party and the esteemed quality of his beloved and favourite politician.

“Abba Gida Gida” was the first song in 2019 to elevate Gandu’s reputation as a talented political singer. The song was accepted and spread to every nook and cranny. It was very stylish with its theme of mobilising for the then PDP gubernatorial flag bearer in Kano State (Engr. Abba Kabir Yusuf). The candidate was challenged for not being famous. So, Gandu released the song “Abba Gida Gida”, which made the candidate very well-known.

Gandu is always ready to challenge any chaos in Kano politics to protect the governor’s dignity. It has been known for the whole week that Kano State Governor Abba was criticised for his open statement against the inappropriate action of the Kano Hisba. The statement was misconstrued. The people’s opinions were very different. Some supported the Governor’s statement, and some opposed it.

Amid the chaos, Tijjani Gandu released a song recently titled “Saƙona,” my message. In the song, the singer, Gandu, sends sympathetic messages that make thousands of people weep while listening to the music. The song has some words of mercy and humility. The saying “Abba ya san girman malamai, shi ya sa ya ɗau Hisbah ya ba ta kullalle” means Abba respects Islamic clerics, so he appointed the most deserving person to head the Hisbah.

The singer tried to maintain his dignity of not being an abuser – he doesn’t abuse anyone in the song – he only calls the attention of the entire public to discard any misconceptions from any political opponents of the Hisba saga.

By Kabir Ali Fagge

In Nigeria, security has long been a topic of paramount concern. The efficacy of law enforcement agencies, particularly the Nigeria Police Force (NPF), has often been scrutinized in the face of escalating crime rates and challenges to public safety.

One proposed solution that has garnered significant attention is the establishment of state police forces. The history of policing in Nigeria is marked by a series of reforms and challenges. Since Nigeria’s transition to democratic rule in 1999, the Nigerian police have undergone various reforms in an attempt to address issues within the force.

These reforms have been a response to the need for more effective law enforcement mechanisms to combat rising crime rates and insecurity in the country.

We all know that the Nigerian police force has a long history of facing criticism for unprofessional conduct, corruption, and the use of excessive force.

Nigeria inherited a centralized police structure modelled after the British system. The Nigeria Police Force (NPF) operated under federal jurisdiction and was tasked with maintaining law and order throughout the nation.

State Police, on the other hand, entails the decentralization of law enforcement authority, granting individual states within a federal system the power to establish and manage their own police forces.

Under this model, states would have the autonomy to address security issues specific to their regions, tailoring law enforcement strategies to local needs and priorities.

Proponents argue that state police can foster greater community engagement, enhance responsiveness to local concerns, and improve overall security outcomes.

The existing centralized police system has faced criticism for its inability to effectively address the security concerns of the diverse Nigerian population.

The call for state police stems from the need for a more localized approach to law enforcement that can better cater to the specific security needs of different regions within Nigeria.

Establishing state police in Nigeria is a significant step that requires a thorough understanding of global policing practices. While the centralized police system is predominant in many countries, there are instances of decentralized policing models.

For example, Municipal Police in France, Municipal Law Enforcement Officers in the Netherlands, and Police Community Support Officers in England and Wales represent non-police uniformed state officers in a decentralized system.

Comparative analyses of policing in countries that have undergone political or social transitions, such as Russia, Brazil, and China, highlight the importance of understanding the contextual factors that shape policing practices. Confidence in the police varies across different countries, with Taiwan ranking among the top one-third globally, indicating variations in public perceptions of law enforcement; therefore, those who argue that the establishment of state police is not out of place.

Community policing, actively conducted in countries like South Africa, Northern Ireland, and Sierra Leone, emphasizes the importance of engaging communities in maintaining public safety. However, the effectiveness of community policing initiatives can vary based on each country’s socio-political context.

While some countries prioritize individualism and minimal government intrusion in policing, others focus on collective well-being through law and order.

I think what Nigerians want to know is how is state policing going to be any better than the current system of policing in Nigeria.

According to pundits, the establishment of state police in Nigeria promises to bolster security at the grassroots level. State police forces, attuned to the unique security dynamics of their regions, can enact targeted measures for more efficient crime prevention and control.

This localized approach fosters stronger community engagement and enables proactive responses to emerging threats, ultimately ensuring safer environments for all. Such reforms hold the potential to significantly enhance law enforcement’s effectiveness and responsiveness across the nation.

State police deployment within local communities will supposedly ensure swift emergency responses, curtailing intervention time in critical situations. By having officers stationed close to the areas they serve, the state police can swiftly address emergencies, thereby enhancing public safety.

This proximity allows for immediate action, minimizing the potential impact of crises on communities. Such rapid responses underscore the effectiveness of localized law enforcement in ensuring timely assistance during emergencies.

State-level oversight of law enforcement ensures accountability and transparency, as state governments are directly answerable to their constituents. This close supervision fosters trust between law enforcement agencies and the communities they serve, enhancing transparency in operations.

By holding state authorities accountable, citizens can have greater confidence in the integrity of policing practices, ultimately strengthening democratic principles. Such measures reflect a commitment to upholding transparency and accountability within Nigeria’s law enforcement framework.

State police possess the flexibility to tailor strategies and allocate resources according to local needs, enhancing their ability to address emerging threats and crime trends. This adaptability ensures a dynamic response to evolving security challenges, bolstering effectiveness in crime prevention and control.

We must also look at some disadvantages posed by the governors to establish the State Police. Firstly, Critics warn of the potential for abuse of power with decentralized policing, citing concerns about corruption, political interference, and violations of human rights at the state level. This apprehension underscores the importance of establishing robust oversight mechanisms to safeguard against misuse of authority and uphold the rule of law.

Addressing these challenges is crucial to ensure that decentralization efforts in policing prioritize accountability and respect for human rights, thereby fostering trust and confidence in law enforcement institutions. Such vigilance is essential to maintain the integrity and effectiveness of state police forces in Nigeria.

Fragmentation of law enforcement across states presents coordination challenges in tackling transnational crimes and upholding national security. This underscores the need for seamless collaboration and information-sharing mechanisms among state police forces.

Effective coordination ensures a unified approach to combating cross-border criminal activities, safeguarding Nigeria’s territorial integrity and public safety. Addressing these challenges is paramount to fostering synergy and maximizing the effectiveness of law enforcement efforts nationwide.

Unequal resource allocation among states may hinder smaller or economically disadvantaged regions from adequately funding and equipping their police forces, leading to discrepancies in law enforcement capabilities.

The establishment of state police carries constitutional and legal implications, necessitating amendments and legislative frameworks to define the powers, jurisdiction, and duties of state and federal law enforcement entities.

This underscores the importance of comprehensive legal reforms to ensure clarity and coherence in the division of responsibilities between different levels of law enforcement.

The debate surrounding the establishment of state police in Nigeria is multifaceted, reflecting the complex interplay of security, governance, and constitutional considerations.

While proponents argue that decentralization can lead to more responsive and accountable law enforcement, sceptics raise concerns about the potential for abuse of power and operational challenges.

Ultimately, any decision to implement state police must be carefully weighed against its potential benefits and drawbacks, with a keen focus on enhancing security while upholding the principles of justice and democracy.

Kabir Fagge Ali is a youth corps member with PRNigeria Centre and wrote via faggekabir29@gmail.com.