Lifestyle

By Aisha Musa Auyo

Come, let me share some secrets with you, my sis. Sure, many will not accept it as a fact that most men dislike heavy makeup and artificial stuff. Of course, like in every rule, there are exceptions. So, know your man. 

My opinion is based on the fact that you can look very classy, elegant, and feminine without using hard makeup or loud stuff. Yes, in most cases, decent men prefer the natural looks of the opposite gender.

Gurl (this also applies to you, bro.!), neatness is paramount in all cases. Bathe at least twice a day. Take time to wash your underarms, under and between busts, thighs, and navel. Pay attention to your feet, areas around your ears, and between your face and neck, and wash down with warm, clean water.

Brush your teeth at least twice daily, and floss at least once daily. Shave at least once a week. Use deodorant at least once a day. Use alum or lemon on your armpit if deodorant is expensive for you. Once in a week, try to exfoliate your lips. Dry, cracked lips are a turnoff. Mix sugar and olive oil to form a scrub, then rub on your lips for a few minutes. Clean with a wipe. Repeat the process more than once a week if you have dry skin. The result is something I consider a subject for another day. But know for now that moisturized and soft lips are more alluring than lipstick-painted lips.

You see, exfoliation or scrubbing is very essential. Our body releases new cells daily, and the old cells die. Ordinary soaps do not exfoliate. This is where bath salts, bath sugars, scrubs, and exfoliating body washes come in. These products ensure the dead cells leave your skin and let the new cells breathe. This will make your skin look fresher, softer and younger. This will make you neat and glow. Just as it will help eradicate bad smells from your body.

If money is a problem, there are cheaper options. Lemon. Squeeze lemon in your bathing water. It helps to remove dirt and impurities from your skin. It also removes all bad smells and won’t let your sweat smell during the day. It also lightens your complexion and leaves your bathroom smelling fresh. Scrubbing your body with salt once in a while similarly does the trick. Henna (lalle) also helps exfoliate, soften, and remove bad smells from the skin.

On perfume, this is tricky, especially for us Muslims, because our religion frowns at women using it. So, deodorant, cool body spray, and a kullaccam will work when you go out. When you’re home, if you like, bath with perfume. If you’re married, check with your husband what kind of perfume he prefers on you. 

Another very important self-care is manicures and pedicures. You see, the first thing people, both men and women, subconsciously observe in your body is your feet. It’s crucial, therefore, to work on your toes and fingers. Make sure your nails are trimmed. Learn how to cut cuticles and shape your nails. If you can afford it, go to the salon for expert service.

Long nails are a turnoff, please! As a Muslim, please use natural henna—black, red, or maroon- if you must colour your nails. If you’re married, check if your husband likes it before you do. “Kada garin neman gira a rasa ido.’

Let’s talk about the feet. Our feet must be clean, regardless of the weather or your skin type. If you have dry skin and cracked feet, make time every day to exfoliate the dead cells, and apply shear butter after every ablution and bath. That will soften the feet and make it look neat. Also, use socks regularly. If you’re lucky your feet don’t crack, make sure they’re always dirt-free and moisturized. Cracked, dirty, and dry feet are a turnoff. Soft, moisturized, neat feet are a turn-on.

For your palms, always use moisturizers after washing or using water. Because we ladies touch water often, this results in dryer, harder palms. Coconut oil, olive oil, and shea butter help with moisture and softness, but they darken the skin. Let’s look for hand creams made specifically for hands to overcome this. If you can’t afford one, vaseline also works wonderfully well.

Dear lady, the choice of body cream or moisturizer you use significantly affects your life. I’m not exaggerating. Girls who are comfortable with their skin colour, in other words, who do not bleach their skin, clearly exhibit contentment in how our Lord created them. They exude confidence, and they don’t smell like rotten fish when they’re under the sun. These ladies have almost the same skin colour throughout their bodies and do not have to hide their palms and toes. 

Don’t disobey your Lord and harm your body to attract men. Decent men prefer women in their natural colours. Moreover, while your skin colour or body may attract a man, it’s your character that will keep him.

Universally, that’s in time and space. Women have always known that our hair and how we take care of it play a huge role in our looks and attractiveness. 

Wash your hair regularly. Plait your hair, or style it in ways that accentuate your beauty. (Some ladies look better with braids, while others look better without them.) Or, in ways your husband prefers… if you’re married.

Wash your hair with shampoo and conditioner regularly, steam it monthly, and dry it after washing. Find a good-smelling hair moisturizer, or use natural oils that smell nice. You can add a drop of oil perfume to your hair creams or oils. When you’re home, please allow your hair to breathe. 

Earrings are the basic jewellery. If you can, necklaces and waist beads are perfect additions. Some people like anklets, nose piercings, bracelets, wristwatches, rings, etc. Please don’t overdo it—it’s classless! Keep it simple and modest.

When it comes to clothes, decency should never be compromised. But please don’t look like a granny when you’re a teen or even anything less than 60 years old. Even the grannies are now slaying—they don’t care for anybody! 

Tight clothes are bad for you religiously and health-wise. They make you look cheap and classless. Even hygiene-wise, tight clothes are bad. People who wear tight clothes smell! Yes, because the human body needs to breathe, and tight clothes hinder that process. 

Avoid shouty colours or mismatched colours when dressing. Don’t interchange corporate dressing with wedding attire. Dress nicely and appropriately for each occasion, and don’t take any outing for granted. You don’t know who you’ll see or meet. The phrase ‘Dress the way you want to be addressed’ is something you should always hold on to. 

Accessories like shoes and bags are available at different prices. You know better than me what you can afford, but they’re a must-have for ladies. Wear shoes that will not embarrass you, that are comfy, and that will not splash sand on your feet. We are in Nigeria. When they say there are shoes for car owners and trekkers, understand that it’s nothing but the truth. Shoe shining and polishing are not only for men. Please keep your shoes and bags neat.

Let me stop here… I’m tired… I’ll conclude with this statement. “No matter how neat and beautiful you are, you sink if your character stinks. In other words, there ain’t no need telling it: with a character that stinks, you’re finished, girl. So work on your personality more than your physicality”.

You are welcome.

Aisha Musa Auyo is a Doctorate researcher in Educational Psychology. A wife, a mother, a homemaker, caterer, parenting, and relationship coach. She can be reached via aishamuauyo@live.co.uk.

By Aisha M. Auyo

I asked a medical doctor a weird question. It went like this: “Dr, you have been seeing all sorts of women daily—beautiful, voluptuous, and many more. How do you know which one to love or choose as a spouse?”

His reply is the most sensible thing I read today, he said:

“Because we have been seeing a lot of them, we have seen all sorts of them, we have realised that it is not the body or the face that matters… besides, everything is almost the same… It is the brain and the heart that varies. That’s what matters most for decent guys, anyway. ” 

The same applies to university lecturers. They have seen them all, fresh students every year. My Dad once told me that of all the thousand female students he taught at that time, my Mom caught his attention because of her intelligence, manners, and decency. 

So my sisters…..  

Work on your personality more than your physicality. 

Work on your manners. 

Work on your attitude. 

Work on your social skills. 

Work on your emotional intelligence. 

Work on your neatness. 

A great body can be bought; Liposuction is everywhere. 

‘Kayan ciko’ are everywhere. 

Fair skin can be bought, and bleaching and skin lightening are everywhere. 

Fine faces can be bought; plastic surgery is everywhere. 

But good manners, patience, humility, intelligence, empathy, a clean heart, etc., can never be bought. They’re priceless. 

That’s what will distinguish you from the others. That is what will keep a man glued to you. That’s what will help you stay married.

By Sabiu Abdullahi 

In a bid to address rising food inflation and alleviate the economic hardship faced by Nigerians, the Federal Government has announced a 150-day duty-free import window for food commodities. 

The initiative, which is part of the Presidential Accelerated Stabilisation and Advancement Plan, aims to reduce demand for forex by food importers and make food more affordable for Nigerians. 

According to the Minister of Agriculture and Food Security, Abubakar Kyari, the duty-free import window will be valid for commodities such as maize, husked brown rice, wheat, and cowpeas. 

The government will also import 250,000 metric tonnes of wheat and 250,000 metric tonnes of maize, which will be supplied to small-scale processors and millers across the country. 

The minister noted that the government’s decision to allow duty-free imports was necessitated by the high cost of food items in the country, which has made it difficult for many Nigerians to afford basic foodstuffs. 

He attributed the high food prices to various factors, including infrastructural challenges, multiple taxes and levies, and profiteering by marketers and traders. 

The government’s move has been commended by stakeholders in the agricultural sector, who noted that it would help stabilize food prices and provide relief to millions of Nigerians. 

However, some experts have expressed concern that the initiative may undermine domestic agricultural production and turn Nigeria into a dumping ground for imported commodities. 

The government has assured that it will collaborate with state governments to identify irrigable lands and increase land under cultivation, and will also ramp up production for the 2024/2025 farming cycle through sustained support to smallholder farmers. 

Additionally, the government plans to develop a strategic engagement for youth and women in greenhouse cultivation of horticultural crops and fast-track engagements with the Nigerian Military to rapidly cultivate arable lands under the Defence Farms Scheme.

Dear Government of Kano State, the Kano Emirate, Hisbah Board, and the Kano State Council of Ulamas

Peace be upon you,

An effort is being made to spread LGBTQ advocacy in Kano State in the name of human rights, seeking “freedom” and sustainable livelihoods for our daughters and helping orphans, the needy, and those with special needs.

This advocacy is being spread publicly without shame, disregarding your esteemed positions and influence in Kano State— in schools and neighbourhoods. Shockingly, even government officials were cornered in the name of dialogue or capacity building.

The organization behind this heinous act in our state is the Women Initiative for Sustainable Empowerment and Equality. They refer to themselves as “WISE.” From what we have seen on their platforms, they even have an independent office in Yankaba Kawaji, Bompai GRA, Kano.

In a statement we saw on the pages of this organization, we noted that they once organized a workshop for officials from Hisbah, KAROTA, NDLEA, and others!

If this organization has grown strong enough to gather these officials in one place under the guise of a workshop—regardless of the topic—we fear the influence they have already exerted in our state.

To verify all these, please check their Facebook page named “Wise.”

You might recall the recent uproar over the Samoa Agreement signed by the Federal Government, which is alleged to have come with strings attached, one of which is to allow advocates of LGBTQ, like WISE, to pursue their agenda freely.

This has sparked controversy in Nigeria over the past few days. We have seen how the scholars in Kano stood firm on their pulpits, as we expected, to vehemently condemn this attempt, should it prove true.

This controversy has further revealed that there are laws in our country that outright prohibit any attempt to propagate the agenda of LGBTQ. We have also found solace in the unity of Muslims and Christians in rejecting this thing we collectively see as immorality in our culture and religion.

With this, we call upon the Governor of Kano State, Alhaji Abba Kabir Yusuf, the Emir of Kano, Mallam Muhammadu Sanusi II, the Chairman of Hisbah, Mallam Aminu Daurawa, and the leadership of the Kano State Council of Ulamas, to ensure that this organization, WISE, packs up and leaves our dear state and that its activities are banned by any means possible.

The people of Kano State are your trust! And God will question you about this trust on the Day of Judgment!

We’ve done our part by letting you know about this issue. We have informed you if you were unaware of this organization or its activities.

Misbahu Hamza  

July 7, 2024

By Mujahid Nasir Hussain

Diabetes Week is an annual event dedicated to raising awareness about diabetes and encouraging prevention and management strategies to support those living with the condition globally. As the world comes together for Diabetes Week 2024, observed from June 10th to 16th, communities, healthcare professionals, and organizations united in a series of events and campaigns to foster a deeper awareness and a proactive approach towards combating the condition.

According to the 2024 International Diabetes Federation (IDF) report, diabetes is a significant and growing global health issue affecting diverse regions and populations. Approximately 537 million adults (20-79 years) worldwide are living with diabetes, with this number expected to rise to 643 million by 2030 and 783 million by 2045. One of the major concerns regarding this increase is that Nigeria is among the countries facing such a significant rise, with current estimates showing millions affected and a substantial proportion of cases undiagnosed. Thus, there is a need for improved diabetes education, prevention programs, and accessible treatment options to combat this growing health crisis.

Diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by high blood glucose levels. This occurs when the body either doesn’t produce enough insulin or cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Persistent high blood glucose can damage various organs and systems, leading to significant health complications. Although there are many forms of diabetes, according to numerous literature reports, there are generally three. Viz: Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes and Gestational diabetes.

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This destruction leads to little or no insulin production, crucial for regulating blood sugar levels. Individuals with Type 1 diabetes require lifelong insulin therapy, either through injections or an insulin pump, to manage their blood glucose levels. This type of diabetes often manifests in childhood or adolescence but can occur at any age. Symptoms include excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, extreme fatigue, and blurred vision.

Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for about 90-95% of all diabetes cases. It occurs when the body becomes insulin resistant, or the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin. This condition is often associated with lifestyle factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, and poor diet. Risk factors also include age, family history, and certain ethnic backgrounds. Symptoms are similar to Type 1 diabetes but may develop more slowly, making early detection and management crucial. Lifestyle changes, oral medications, and sometimes insulin therapy are used to manage Type 2 diabetes.

Gestational Diabetes

Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy when the body cannot produce enough insulin to meet the extra needs of pregnancy. This condition typically resolves after childbirth but increases the mother’s risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later in life. Gestational diabetes can lead to complications such as high birth weight, preterm birth, and increased risk of cesarean delivery. Managing gestational diabetes involves a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and monitoring blood sugar levels. In some cases, insulin therapy may be needed.

Diabetes Complications

Unmanaged diabetes can lead to severe and potentially life-threatening complications, emphasizing the importance of effective management. These complications include:

Cardiovascular Disease: People with diabetes have a higher risk of developing heart disease and stroke due to damaged blood vessels and nerves.

Neuropathy: High blood sugar levels can damage nerves, especially in the legs and feet, leading to pain, tingling, and even loss of sensation. Severe cases can result in foot ulcers and amputations.

Nephropathy: Diabetes is a leading cause of kidney disease, which can progress to kidney failure, requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant.

Retinopathy: High blood sugar can damage the blood vessels in the retina, leading to vision problems and even blindness.

Skin Conditions: Diabetes can make individuals more prone to bacterial and fungal infections and other skin disorders.

Treatment Strategies for Diabetes

Effective diabetes management requires a multi-faceted approach that includes lifestyle changes, medication, regular monitoring, and education & support.

Lifestyle Modifications: Adopting a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins while reducing intake of processed foods and sugary beverages. Regular physical activity, such as walking, cycling, or swimming, is essential to help maintain a healthy weight and improve insulin sensitivity.

Medication: Treatment depends on the type of diabetes. For Type 1 diabetes, insulin therapy is essential. For Type 2 diabetes, oral medications like metformin or other hypoglycemics may be prescribed, and in some cases, insulin may be required.

Monitoring: Regular blood glucose monitoring ensures levels remain within the target range. Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) provide real-time data, allowing for better management and adjustment of treatment plans.

Education and Support: Diabetes education programs help individuals understand their condition, make informed decisions about their care, and provide emotional support. Support groups offer a platform to share experiences and coping strategies.

Mujahid Nasir Hussain is an undergraduate prize awardee for Physiology 2023, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria. He wrote via mujahidhnasir@gmail.com.

By Aisha Musa Auyo

Hormones influence or determine a considerable percentage of our behaviours and physical appearance. If we say our hormones are what makes us, we won’t be exaggerating. Yet, we hardly discuss it. Yet very few know about it; very few believe in its impact. From genetics to behavioural scientists to physiologists and psychologists, these specialists believe in the power of hormones, especially in women. I will try my best to write in the simplest language possible so that I will not suffocate you with medical jargon.

Hormones are chemicals that coordinate different bodily functions by carrying messages through the blood to the various organs, the skin, muscles, and other tissues. Hormones are the signals that tell your body what to do and when to do it. There is no gainsaying, therefore, that hormones are essential for life and health. So far, scientists have identified over 50 hormones in the human body.

 Hormones control many bodily processes, including metabolism, homeostasis (constant internal balance), such as blood pressure and blood sugar regulation, fluid (water) and electrolyte balance, body temperature, growth and development. Hormones also affect sexual function, reproduction, sleep-wake cycle, and mood.

With hormones, a little bit goes a long way. Because of this, minor changes in levels can cause significant changes to your body and lead to certain conditions that require medical attention. The levels and nature of hormones in the body correlate with our moods, sense of smell, body odour, taste buds, thinking faculty, energy, and looks. 

In this week’s outing, I will start with women, as they are the gender whose hormones have a greater influence and impact on their lives. If you have a woman in your life, regardless of your relationship with her, know that hormones are constantly influencing her. 

Growing up and transitioning into a woman is a roller-coaster of emotional and physical changes. There will be noticeable differences in her attitude, looks, behaviour, and even how she smells. There will be irritability, sadness, and heightened or lowered confidence.

Women have heightened hormonal influence during certain periods. When she grows from a girl to an adult, when she’s ovulating, and at different times when she is on her monthly period. There is a hormonal influence in pregnancy when she is breastfeeding and when she is using hormonal contraceptives. There is yet another hormonal issue at menopause, just as it is at adolescence. 

A few days to menstrual onset (ovulation periods), a woman experiences a libido boost, appetite changes, heightened sense of smell and mood changes…usually in a good mood. But, during the onset of their period, a woman will experience cramps, dizziness, bloating, acne breakout, feeling tired, and mood swings…sadness, anger and anxiety. It isjust a roller-coaster of feelings and emotions. 

When pregnant (this should be a topic of its own), a woman is most likely to experience, among other things, morning sickness, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting; strange food cravings; fatigue; heightened sense of smell; forgetfulness; lack of patience; and crying for no explicit reasons. Bro, be patient and empathic; it’s beyond her. 

Then there comes the postpartum and breastfeeding period, which is associated with crying, difficulty in making decisions, lack of sleep or oversleeping, tiredness, mood swings, etc. Not infrequently, a woman may fall into depression at this phase. 

Then, there are issues relating to the use of contraceptives. These range from headache, migraine, acne, weight loss or gain, hair loss, smooth skin, dryness, and mood swings. The signs are numerous, depending on the woman and the type of contraceptives used.

Then, there is the advent of menopause, which comes with palpitations, hot or cold flashes, difficulty sleeping, tiredness and irritability, dryness and a whole lot of other changes.

Have you ever noticed how a woman can be so lovely today and nasty the next day for no reason? Have you ever seen a woman cry just like that? Have you ever seen a woman with clear skin today and skin full of rashes or acne tomorrow? Have you ever noticed that a woman can be thin today and bloated the day after? Know that these amazing, dramatic transformations result from the interplay of hormones. You have to be tolerant, understanding, and kind.

As a husband, father, son, brother, or friend, you need to understand the complexities of hormones in women to a certain level. This will help you make informed decisions about certain behaviours. This might help explain some oddities in women’s behaviour you experience or notice. The knowledge will help you and be the person she needs during those trying periods.

Sometimes, all a woman needs is space, silence, patience, kind words, empathy, massages, or a shoulder to cry on (that is, if she’s your wife, yauwa!). Chocolates, a listening ear, a credit alert (LOL!), hot tea, a pain killer, or taking her on a walk may be the healing or soothing balm.

The above is just a summary of what women go through. I will expound on each stage in subsequent editions, each stage as a topic of itself, and see how we can navigate through each milestone of hormonal symphony and the complexities of women’s health and emotions. Insha Allah.

Dear reader, but do you know that men, too, have hormones and emotional issues which we overlook? From childhood to adolescence and adulthood, men also come under certain societal expectations and pressure to suppress their feelings. I will try to summarise that in my next article.

Aisha Musa Auyo is a Doctorate researcher in Educational Psychology, a wife, a mother of three, a homemaker, a chef, and a parenting/ relationship coach. She can be reached via aishamuauyo@live.co.uk.

By Lawan Bukar Maigana

The rise of Umar Bush, a popular Hausa skitmaker notorious for insulting people, to stardom is unbelievably incomprehensible, justifying Allah’s incredible ability to enrich whom He wishes regardless of their decency or otherwise.

It is Allah alone who knows how he got there. Many people thought his popularity was going to be short-lived, like that of Alhaji Rufai, but that is not the case. He’s now targeted by skitmakers in the Southern part of Nigeria. God is great! New deals are underway.

His unimaginable progress reminds me of the time when an elderly man looked at me in our area during Ramadan and said that I would become a governor. However, a few of my closest friends, whom I thought would be the first to say ‘Insha Allah’, were the ones who contested against me. Indeed, life is greater than our sentiments, and it shall happen if He wills.

When he first came to the limelight comedically, many people thought he was a madman who needed intervention from a psychiatric hospital because of the way he speaks and relates to people. Some netizens even donated thousands of Naira, amounting to over a million Naira, which was later transparently given to his relatives after he had a misunderstanding with his manager, who is also from Kano, labelling it as ‘his end.’

A day later, his manager posted on his personal Facebook page announcing their resettlement with Umar Bush, assuring their audience of their continued efforts to reach stardom.

Ahmed Musa, a renowned Nigerian footballer who plays both in and outside Nigeria, saw Umar Bush’s comical clips trending on Instagram and Facebook and decided to host him at his residence in Kano. Inviting him was a big drama, as he had many misunderstandings and disagreements with all of them, insulting his managers and tagging one of them as his ‘enemy of progress.’

When given lots of Maltina and asked to extend it to one of the team members whom he perceived as an antagonist, he started a fresh drama, insulting him unstoppably until Ahmed Musa intervened and gave him one million naira.

A few days ago, he allegedly signed a ₦100m deal with Ziptol, a company that produces powder detergent, among other detergents. He’s now a millionaire, and I foresee bigger deals coming his way.

Perhaps it is my turn to be insulted comically when he sees this article, especially if he is told that I demanded he pay me for writing about his uncommon sagacious rise to stardom amidst all odds. If you know him or know anyone close to him, tell him that he should pay for this article; else, I will join Sadiq to disturb his life.

Lawan Bukar Maigana writes from Maiduguri and can be reached via email: lawanbukarmaigana@gmail.com.

By Aisha Mohammed Danpullo

 We were sent to get cooking oil from a house nearby. My cousin and I wore a popular Malaysian Hijab with trimmed lace at the edges and a rope around the back. We were so excited to have a ram that year (I come from a humble background). 

We were eager to watch the ram we had crowded around for days, feeding, watering and cleaning its poo. Finally, we were going to watch as it got slaughtered. I, for one, was most excited for the blood that would come gushing out as it took its last breath.

We went to the oil merchant’s house and met the husband, the head of the house with his kids around him, about to make his sacrifice. He was about to slaughter three fat fish. He had it held down by his eldest son as it squirmed just the way one would slaughter a ram.

The kids were all excited; the wife was humbled and a little bit ashamed, probably because of our presence, spilling the oil she measured with beer bottles serving as a measurement for a litre. It’s quite ironic because beers are banned in our part of the country, but somehow, the bottles are always found in every oil merchant’s shop, and their origin is never questioned.

The family generously offered us some, but we wouldn’t take it because there wasn’t enough for them to share.

Every year during Eid, I think of that family, wondering how they are doing and hoping life has become better for them and that they get to eat ram some year.

Aisha Danpullo wrote from Kano via aishamohammaddanpullo@gmail.com.

By Mujahid Nasir Hussain

Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is characterized by persistent rising blood pressure levels in the arteries. It is often referred to as the “silent killer” because it presents no symptoms until significant damage to the cardiovascular system is achieved. This menace is a paramount health concern, affecting millions of people worldwide and contributing to a high risk of premature mortality. Therefore, as we marked World Hypertension Day on 17th May, raising awareness about this epidemic is very important. Raising awareness about hypertension is essential in combating this global concern as it will go a long way in educating the public about its dangers and causes and the importance of regular monitoring and early intervention.

Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the arteries. It is measured in millimetres of mercury (mm Hg) and recorded with two numbers: systolic pressure (the pressure when the heart contracts) and diastolic pressure (the pressure when the heart relaxes). According to a lot of literature, normal systolic blood pressure in young adults is within the 90- 120 mmHg range, and diastolic blood pressure is within the 60- 90 mmHg range. Thus, it’s important to note that this value increases beyond the normal limit and consequently results in hypertension.

Hypertension is of two types: Primary hypertension and secondary hypertension. Primary hypertension accounts for about 85-90% of hypertension cases and develops gradually over many years. While other complications do not cause primary hypertension, the secondary type is always associated with underlying health conditions such as Kidney disease, Toxemia during pregnancy, etc.

The World Health Organization (WHO) reported hypertension as a global health issue, estimating that over 1.13 billion people worldwide suffer from it currently. Consequently, it is responsible for an estimated 7.5 million deaths annually, accounting for about 12.8% of all deaths. Its prevalence is increasing, particularly in developing countries like Nigeria, where health systems often struggle to diagnose and manage the condition effectively. In high-income countries, phishing awareness regarding its treatment rates is generally higher. However, even with that, the condition remains a significant health concern as a result of lifestyle factors such as poor dietary intake, physical inactivity, and high rates of obesity among individuals.

Several factors contributing to the development of hypertension include Genetic factors, Dietary habits, obesity, alcohol and tobacco use, stress, etc.

*Genetic Factors: Family history plays a vital role in the risk of developing hypertension. This means that if one or both parents have high blood pressure, the percentage of their offspring developing the condition is high.

Dietary Habits: Diets high in sodium (salt) and saturated fats are strongly associated with high blood pressure. Excessive salt intake can cause the body to retain water, leading to increased blood pressure.

 Obesity: Individuals with body mass index above 30kg/m² are at high risk of developing hypertension. Obesity often results in increased resistance in the blood vessels, making it harder for the heart to pump blood efficiently, resulting in high blood pressure.

Alcohol and Tobacco Use: High alcohol consumption and tobacco use are also contributing towards the development of hypertension. Alcohol can raise blood pressure by several mechanisms, such as stimulating the sympathetic nervous system. At the same time, smoking is associated with causing damage to the vessel walls, leading to increased blood pressure.

Stress: Prolonged stress can also contribute to the development of hypertension. Stress-related behaviours, such as inappropriate lifestyle modification, further attenuate the risk.

Age and Gender: As age progresses, so does the risk of developing hypertension. Men are generally at higher risk at a younger age compared to women. Still, the risk for women increases and often surpasses that of men after menopause as a result of hormonal withdrawal.

Some of the consequences of uncontrolled hypertension include Heart failure, Stroke, Kidney damage, vision loss, aneurysms, etc. Therefore, managing and preventing it requires a multi-faceted approach, such as lifestyle modifications, regular monitoring, and medication when necessary.

Some of the lifestyle modifications that need to be adopted to mitigate the effects of hypertension include:

Healthy Diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help manage blood pressure.

Exercise: Regular physical activity, such as brisk walking, cycling, or swimming, can help lower blood pressure.

Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial for controlling blood pressure. A small amount of weight loss can profoundly reduce blood pressure levels in overweight or obese individuals.

Limitation of Alcohol Consumption and Tobacco Use: Reducing alcohol intake and quitting smoking can have a significant positive impact on blood pressure and overall body health.

Stress Reduction: Stress-reducing techniques such as mindfulness, meditation, and deep-breathing exercises can help manage blood pressure. Ensuring adequate sleeping hours and managing work-life balance are also important.

Regular Monitoring: Regular blood pressure checks are crucial, especially for individuals with risk factors for hypertension. Home blood pressure monitors can help people keep track of their levels and detect any changes early.

Even with all the lifestyle modifications mentioned above, those changes alone may not be enough to control blood pressure for some individuals. In such cases, healthcare providers may prescribe antihypertensive medications. However, following the prescribed treatment strategies and attending regular follow-up appointments is essential.

Mujahid Nasir Hussain wrote via mujahidhnasir@gmail.com.

By Abdurrazak Muktar Makarfi

A home that lacks peace is a prison. This statement resonates deeply with the human experience, highlighting the fundamental need for tranquillity and harmony within one’s living space. Ideally, the home is a sanctuary where individuals can retreat from the chaos of the outside world to find solace and comfort. When this essential peace is disrupted, the very essence of the home is transformed into a confining and oppressive space akin to a prison.

In a home bereft of peace, the walls that should offer protection and security become barriers, trapping the inhabitants in a cycle of stress and unease. The once-welcoming rooms turn into cells devoid of warmth and joy. Instead of being a refuge, every corner of the house becomes a reminder of the discord and strife that permeates the environment. This transformation is not merely symbolic; it has tangible effects on the well-being and mental health of those who dwell within.

Consider the psychological toll of living in such an environment. Constant exposure to conflict and tension can lead to chronic stress, anxiety, and even depression. Starved of peace, the mind becomes a battleground where thoughts of escape and a longing for freedom from turmoil dominate. This relentless pressure can erode relationships, fray tempers, and diminish the overall quality of life. In its truest sense, the home is lost, replaced by a space that suffocates rather than nurtures.

Moreover, the absence of peace disrupts the natural rhythm of daily life. Simple pleasures, like sharing a meal or enjoying a quiet evening, are overshadowed by underlying tensions. Conversations are strained, and the genuine connection between family members is fractured. The home fails to serve its purpose as a haven of intimacy and love and instead becomes a site of emotional incarceration.

In contrast, a home imbued with peace is a fortress of strength, providing its residents with the stability and support needed to face external challenges. It fosters a sense of belonging and security, where each individual feels valued and understood. In such an environment, love and respect flourish, creating a positive feedback loop that reinforces the home’s role as a sanctuary.

To transform a house that feels like a prison back into a peaceful home requires conscious effort and commitment from all inhabitants. Open communication, mutual respect, and a willingness to resolve conflicts amicably are essential. Cultivating a calm home is not merely about the absence of conflict but the presence of understanding, empathy, and shared purpose.

In conclusion, a home without peace is a prison, trapping its inhabitants in a relentless cycle of discord and discomfort. The importance of a peaceful home cannot be overstated; it is the bedrock of personal well-being and harmonious relationships. By prioritising peace and fostering a nurturing environment, a home can fulfil its role as a sanctuary, offering respite from the outside world and enriching the lives of those within.

Abdurrazak Muktar Makarfi wrote via prof4true@gmail.com.