By Khadijat Ogido
Educating girls is one of the most powerful tools for creating a sustainable, equitable, and prosperous society. Girls are provided with diverse basic knowledge, skills, and training contributing to national development. An educated child can only grow through a literate woman who has a greater chance of breaking the cycle of social vices by passing good knowledge to her daughter.
There is an adage that says, “Educate a man, you educate an individual, but educate a woman, you educate a Nation.”This adage summarises the essence of education to the girl child.
Investing in girls’ education transforms communities, countries, and the world. Girls who receive an education are less likely to marry young and more likely to lead healthy, productive lives. They earn higher incomes, participate in the decisions that most affect them, and build better futures for themselves and their families.
Girls’ education strengthens economies and reduces inequality. It contributes to more stable, resilient societies that allow all individuals – including boys and men –to fulfil their potential.
However, education for girls is about more than having access to school. It’s also about girls feeling safe in classrooms and supported in the subjects and careers they pursue—including those in which they are often underrepresented.
A girl is described as a female child between infancy and early adulthood. During this period of the development of the girl child, she is under the custody and supervision of adults who may be her parents or guardians and siblings who are older and more mature than she is.
According to the United Nations International Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Research has shown that millions of girls do not have access to school despite concerted efforts to promote the cause. Okeke, Nzewi, and Njoku (2008) identified child labour, poverty and lack of sponsorship, the quest for wealth, bereavement, truancy, broken homes, and engagement of children as househelps as factors that clog the wheel of children’s access to education.
According to UNESCO estimates, 129 million girls worldwide are out of school, including 32 million of primary school age, 30 million of lower-secondary school age, and 67 million of upper-secondary school age. In countries affected by conflict, girls are more than twice as likely to be out of school as girls living in non-affected countries.
Most factors that militate against the girl-child access to education are socio-cultural. Many countries on the African continent rank among the poorest in the world. The ongoing HIV/AIDS epidemics, over-crowding in cities, tribal warfare and despotic governments have contributed to the degeneration of the beautiful African land into a human rights catastrophe. At the centre of the devastating situation is the girl-child.
The girl-children appear to be the most vulnerable and most undervalued members of the society. In a region where many are struggling to get enough food and to stay alive, remain out of reach of the various violent rebel armies, and care for those stricken with various diseases, a basic education, especially for girl children, is low on the list of priorities. The right to education, which is a fundamental human right, is frequently denied to girls in some African countries.
The then United Nations Secretary-General, Kofi Annan, stated that in Africa when families have to choose between educating a girl and a boy due to limited resources, the boy is always selected to attend school.
In Africa, many girls are prevented from getting the education they are entitled to because families often send their daughters to work at a young age to earn additional income beyond the subsistence level and finance the education of their sons.
It has been reported in BBC News (2006) that the African patriarchal societal viewpoint favours boys over girls because boys maintain the family lineage. Additional reasons why girls do not have adequate access to education in Africa include the fact that many have to stay home to nurse relatives with HIV/AIDS. Their mothers were uneducated, which is another reason they feel their daughters do not need education. Furthermore, some families do not believe in the education of girls.
Many women who made it in life today also contributed immensely to the country’s growth and served as role models to the girl-child. Women like Funmilayo Ransome Kuti, Margaret Ekpo, Grace Alele Williams, Ngozi Okonjo Iweala, Flora Nwanpa, Onyeka Onwenu, etc. These women couldn’t have achieved it without a good education and were given the opportunity because it’s their right.
Malala Yousafzai, a Pakistani activist, said, “Let us remember: one book, one pen, one child, and one teacher can change the world.”
Educating the girl child is not just about attending school to acquire knowledge. It also serves as a weapon and a guide on how to shape her life and to break the barrier of a girl child not having the right to education.
Michelle Obama said, “When women are educated, their countries become stronger and more prosperous. Investing in a girl child’s education is not just a moral imperative; it is an essential strategy for achieving sustainable development and a better world for everyone.
Khadijat Ogido wrote via ogidokhadijat82@gmail.com.